Exosomal Non-coding RNA Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Autoimmune Diseases Progression and Therapy; an Updated Review

Inflammation and autoimmune diseases (AD) are common outcomes of an overactive immune system. Inflammation occurs due to the immune system reacting to damaging stimuli. Exosomes are being recognized as an advanced therapeutic approach for addressing an overactive immune system, positioning them as a...

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Published in:Cell biochemistry and biophysics 2024-12, Vol.82 (4), p.3091-3108
Main Authors: Farhan, Shireen Hamid, Jasim, Saade Abdalkareem, Bansal, Pooja, Kaur, Harpreet, Abed Jawad, Mohammed, Qasim, Maytham T., Jabbar, Abeer Mhussan, Deorari, Mahamedha, Alawadi, Ahmed, Hadi, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases - genetics
Autoimmune Diseases - metabolism
Autoimmune Diseases - therapy
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Exosomes
Exosomes - metabolism
Humans
Immune response
Immune system
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Life Sciences
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
MicroRNAs - therapeutic use
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Non-coding RNA
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Review Paper
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism
RNA, Long Noncoding - therapeutic use
Stem cells
Toxicity
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Summary:Inflammation and autoimmune diseases (AD) are common outcomes of an overactive immune system. Inflammation occurs due to the immune system reacting to damaging stimuli. Exosomes are being recognized as an advanced therapeutic approach for addressing an overactive immune system, positioning them as a promising option for treating AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) release exosomes that have strong immunomodulatory effects, influenced by their cell of origin. MSCs-exosomes, being a cell-free therapy, exhibit less toxicity and provoke a diminished immune response compared to cell-based therapies. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are intricately linked to various biological and functional aspects of human health. Exosomal ncRNAs can lead to tissue malfunction, aging, and illnesses when they experience tissue-specific alterations as a result of various internal or external problems. In this study, we will examine current trends in exosomal ncRNA researches regarding AD. Then, therapeutic uses of MSCs-exosomal ncRNA will be outlined, with a particle focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
ISSN:1085-9195
1559-0283
1559-0283
DOI:10.1007/s12013-024-01432-4