Analysis of B cell proliferation in response to in vitro stimulation in patients with CVID

• Published in: Allergologia et immunopathologia 2024-01, Vol.52 (5), p.94-102
• Main Authors: Guadalupe, Velásquez-Ortiz Ma, Abigail J, Saldaña-Solano, Patricia, O'Farrill-Romanillos, Andrea, Herrera-Sánchez Diana, Selma, Scheffer-Mendoza, Marco A, Yamazaki-Nakashimada, Carmen, Zarate-Hernández Ma, Sara E, Espinosa-Padilla, Berrón-Ruiz, Laura
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Anticoagulants; Antigens; B-Lymphocytes - immunology; Bacterial infections; Cell growth; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Common Variable Immunodeficiency - immunology; Female; Humans; Immune system; Immunologic Memory - immunology; Immunophenotyping; Interleukins - immunology; Interleukins - metabolism; Ligands; Lymphocyte Activation - immunology; Lymphocytes; Male; Memory B Cells - immunology; Middle Aged; Mutation; Patients; Pneumonia; Population; Sinusitis; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0301-0546; 1578-1267; 1578-1267; 0301-0546
• DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i5.1106

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by defective antibody production and impaired differentiation of B cells. B cell proliferation is an essential step for antibody synthesis. Depending on the nature of the stimulus, their response may be either T-cell-dependent or T-cell-independent. We studied 23 CVID patients and 14 healthy donors (HD). The patients were categorized based on their percentage of memory B cells. In addition to standard immunophenotyping of circulating human B and T cell subsets, an in vitro CFSE dilution assay was used to assess the proliferative capacity of B cells and to compare the activation of the T cell-dependent and T cell-independent response among the patients. Patients with a reduction in memory B cells exhibited an increase in follicular T cells (Tfh) and showed low proliferation in response to PKW, CpG, and SAC stimuli (Condition II) ( = 0.0073). In contrast, patients with a normal percentage of memory B cells showed a high expression of IL-21R and low proliferation in response to CPG (Condition III); IL-21, CD40L, and anti-IgM (Condition IV) stimuli ( = 0.0163 and = 0.0475, respectively). Defective proliferation in patients depends on the type of stimulus used and the phenotypic characteristics of the patients. Further studies are necessary to understand the disease mechanisms, which may guide us toward identifying genetic defects associated with CVID.