Interleukin‐1 family cytokines and soluble receptors in hidradenitis suppurativa

• Published in: Experimental dermatology 2024-09, Vol.33 (9), p.e15179-n/a
• Main Authors: Manzo Margiotta, Flavia, Gambino, Gaetana, Pratesi, Federico, Michelucci, Alessandra, Pisani, Francesco, Rossi, Leonardo, Dini, Valentina, Romanelli, Marco, Migliorini, Paola
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abscesses; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Female; Hidradenitis Suppurativa - blood; hidradenitis suppurativa, IL‐1β; Humans; IHS4; IL‐18; IL‐33, ST2/IL‐1R4; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein - blood; Interleukin-1 - blood; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein - blood; Interleukin-18 - blood; Interleukin-33 - blood; Male; Middle Aged; Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II - blood; Serum levels; Severity of Illness Index; Skin diseases; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0906-6705; 1600-0625; 1600-0625
• DOI: 10.1111/exd.15179

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease, characterized by clinical inflammation of the hair follicle with the recurrence of abscesses, nodules, and tunnels. Recently, several studies suggested a role of IL‐1 family (IL‐1F) cytokines in eliciting and sustaining the disease. The aim of this work is to perform a comprehensive analysis of IL‐1F cytokines, soluble inhibitors and receptors in a cohort of HS patients not treated with biological agents. Sixteen patients affected by HS and 16 healthy controls were recruited; clinical data were collected and disease severity evaluated by means of the International HS Severity Score System (IHS4). Serum levels of IL‐1F cytokines, inhibitors and receptors were measured using a Multiplex Assays. IL‐18 and free IL‐18 levels were significantly higher in patients vs controls. Among soluble inhibitors, IL‐1Ra, IL‐1R2 and ST2/IL‐1R4 were significantly increased. IL‐18, free IL‐18 and IL‐33 levels are strongly correlated with IHS4. Also the inhibitors IL‐1Ra and IL‐18BP show a correlation with IHS4. The data obtained in this study confirm the involvement of IL‐1F cytokines in mediating the disease and determining its severity and suggest a possible role for IL‐18 as novel serum biomarker of active disease.