Study of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in the 13-pneumococcal conjugated vaccine era

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a significant concern among children under 5, despite vaccination efforts. This study assessed IPD prevalence and associated risks in pediatric population. An observational, retrospective, multicenter study in Comunidad Valenciana, Spain, of IPD cases in c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 2024-12, Vol.110 (4), p.116532, Article 116532
Main Authors: Garrido-Jareño, Marta, Roig-Sena, Francisco Javier, Pérez-Pérez, Elvira, Gil-Brusola, Ana, López-Hontangas, José Luis, Valentín-Gómez, Eulogio, Pineda-Lucena, Antonio, Pemán, Javier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child
Child, Preschool
children
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Invasive pneumococcal disease
Male
PCV13
Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology
Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control
Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage
Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
risk factors
Serogroup
Spain - epidemiology
Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification
Streptococcus pneumoniae - immunology
Vaccination - statistics & numerical data
vaccine failures
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Summary:Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a significant concern among children under 5, despite vaccination efforts. This study assessed IPD prevalence and associated risks in pediatric population. An observational, retrospective, multicenter study in Comunidad Valenciana, Spain, of IPD cases in children under 13 from January 2012 to September 2022. Data from the CV Microbiology Surveillance Network (RedMIVA) and medical records were reviewed. A total of 379 IPD cases in 377 patients were analyzed, predominantly males (54.11 %) under 5 (81.17 %). PCV13 vaccination notably reduced PCV13-serotypes IPD (p=0.0002), except serotype 3. Pneumonia was common, with half having underlying conditions (50.40 %). Worse outcomes occurred in patients with neurological disorders (ANOVA, p=0.57). Vaccine failures often involved underlying conditions (63 %) and serotypes 3 and 19A. Immunodeficiencies may relate to recurrent IPD, but evidence is limited. Despite vaccination, IPD still impacts children, influenced by immunological status, affecting severity and mortality.
ISSN:0732-8893
1879-0070
1879-0070
DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116532