CAR T cells in solid tumors and metastasis: paving the way forward

CAR T cell therapy, hailed as a breakthrough in cancer treatment due to its remarkable outcomes in hematological malignancies, encounters significant hurdles when applied to solid tumors. While notable responses to CAR T cells remain sporadic in these patients, challenges persist due to issues such...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer and metastasis reviews 2024-12, Vol.43 (4), p.1279-1296
Main Authors: Sirini, Camilla, De Rossi, Laura, Moresco, Marta Angiola, Casucci, Monica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cancer therapies
Cell therapy
Hematology
Humans
Immunosuppressive agents
Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods
Lymphocytes T
Malignancy
Metastases
Metastasis
Microenvironments
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - pathology
Neoplasms - therapy
Oncology
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - immunology
Review
Solid tumors
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Toxicity
Tumor Microenvironment - immunology
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Summary:CAR T cell therapy, hailed as a breakthrough in cancer treatment due to its remarkable outcomes in hematological malignancies, encounters significant hurdles when applied to solid tumors. While notable responses to CAR T cells remain sporadic in these patients, challenges persist due to issues such as on-target off-tumor toxicity, difficulties in their trafficking and infiltration into the tumor, and the presence of a hostile and immunosuppressive microenvironment. This review aims to explore recent endeavors aimed at overcoming these obstacles in CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors. Specifically, we will delve into promising strategies for enhancing tumor specificity through antigen targeting, addressing tumor heterogeneity, overcoming physical barriers, and counteracting the immune-suppressive microenvironment.
ISSN:0167-7659
1573-7233
1573-7233
DOI:10.1007/s10555-024-10213-7