High burden of respiratory allergy in children warrants early identification and treatment with allergen immunotherapy

• Published in: Respiratory medicine 2024-11, Vol.234, p.107812, Article 107812
• Main Authors: Hamelmann, Eckard, Csonka, Péter, Roberts, Graham, Vogelberg, Christian, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Just, Jocelyne, Jeseňák, Miloš
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Allergy; Asthma - immunology; Asthma - therapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Cost of Illness; Desensitization, Immunologic - methods; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Immunology; Male; Paediatrics; Primary healthcare; Respiratory Hypersensitivity - immunology; Respiratory Hypersensitivity - therapy; Respiratory medicine; Rhinitis, Allergic - immunology; Rhinitis, Allergic - therapy; Therapeutics
• ISSN: 0954-6111; 1532-3064; 1532-3064
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107812

Respiratory allergy often begins in childhood and most commonly manifests as allergic rhinitis (upper airways) and/or asthma (lower airways). Children with upper respiratory allergy often suffer from coexisting asthma, and other comorbidities ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to emotional/mental health disorders. Consequently, the disease burden is considerable and profoundly impacts a child's daily life. Early identification and appropriate management are important to reduce disease burden, lower the risk of disease progression and additional comorbidities, and protect the child's future well-being. A window of opportunity for halting disease progression may open in the early stages of allergic disease and underlines the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of children at risk. This review offers advice on identifying children with a high disease burden who would benefit from early intervention. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) modifies the cause of respiratory allergy and prevents disease progression. In clinical practice, AIT could be considered as an early treatment for eligible children, to achieve long-term symptom control and disease modification. •Respiratory allergy can negatively impact a child's daily life and development.•Children with upper respiratory allergy can have multiple comorbidities.•Upper respiratory allergy has a high disease burden in children.•Early identification is key to timely diagnosis and optimal treatment in children.•AIT should be considered earlier in the disease course for eligible children.