Bile acid metabolism and signalling in liver disease

Bile acids (BAs) serve as signalling molecules, efficiently regulating their own metabolism and transport, as well as key aspects of lipid and glucose homeostasis. BAs shape the gut microbial flora and conversely are metabolised by microbiota. Disruption of BA transport, metabolism and physiological...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hepatology 2025-01, Vol.82 (1), p.134-153
Main Authors: Fuchs, Claudia D., Simbrunner, Benedikt, Baumgartner, Maximillian, Campbell, Clarissa, Reiberger, Thomas, Trauner, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
bile acid homeostasis
Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism
cholestatic and metabolic disease
Humans
Liver Diseases - metabolism
Liver Diseases - physiopathology
Microbiota
Signal Transduction
Transport
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Summary:Bile acids (BAs) serve as signalling molecules, efficiently regulating their own metabolism and transport, as well as key aspects of lipid and glucose homeostasis. BAs shape the gut microbial flora and conversely are metabolised by microbiota. Disruption of BA transport, metabolism and physiological signalling functions contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of a wide range of liver diseases including cholestatic disorders and MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease), as well as hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma. Additionally, impaired BA signalling may also affect the intestine and kidney, thereby contributing to failure of gut integrity and driving the progression and complications of portal hypertension, cholemic nephropathy and the development of extrahepatic malignancies such as colorectal cancer. In this review, we will summarise recent advances in the understanding of BA signalling, metabolism and transport, focusing on transcriptional regulation and novel BA-focused therapeutic strategies for cholestatic and metabolic liver diseases.
ISSN:0168-8278
1600-0641
1600-0641
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.09.032