Integrating network pharmacology and transcriptomics to study the potential mechanism of Jingzhi Niuhuang Jiedu tablet in rats with accumulation of heat in the lungs and stomach

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology 2025-01, Vol.337 (Pt 2), p.118890, Article 118890
• Main Authors: Dai, Zi-qi, Guo, Zhuo-qian, Zhang, Tong, Chu, Ya-fen, Yan, Ying, Gao, Feng, Li, Shan-lan, Gu, Yu-hao, Jiao, Jing-yi, Lin, Yi-xuan, Zhao, Shu-wu, Xu, Bing, Lei, Hai-min
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accumulation of heat in the lungs and stomach; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - chemistry; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology; Inflammation; Jingzhi niuhuang Jiedu tablet; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung - drug effects; Lung - metabolism; Lung - pathology; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional - methods; Mice; Network Pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RAW 264.7 Cells; RNA-Sequencing; Stomach - drug effects; Stomach - pathology; Thermogenesis; Transcriptome - drug effects
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118890

Accumulation of heat in the lungs and stomach (AHLS) is an important syndrome within the realm of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is the fundamental reason behind numerous illnesses, including mouth ulcers, dermatological conditions, acne, and pharyngitis. Jingzhi Niuhuang Jiedu tablet (JN) serves as the representative prescription for treatment of AHLS clinically. However, the effective components and mechanism of JN's impact on AHLS remain unexplored. The objective of this research was to analyze the effective components of JN and investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of JN on AHLS. The effective compounds of JN extract were analyzed and identified using UHPLC-Q-Exactive/HRMS. Utilizing network pharmacology to investigate JN's multi-target, multi-pathway process in treating AHLS. Subsequently, anti-inflammatory activities of JN extract were evaluated in the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, a rat AHLS model induced by LPS and dried ginger was established. Pathological changes in rat lung and stomach tissues observed by HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Additionally, the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was identified through the ELISA assay. For a deeper understanding of how JN might affect AHLS, transcriptomics was utilized to examine differential genes and their underlying mechanisms. Concurrently, techniques like quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), immunofluorescence, and western blotting (WB) were employed to confirm various mRNA and protein expression, including Il17ra, Il17re, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-6, PPARγ, PGC1-α and UCP1. We identified 178 potential effective components in the JN extract. Network pharmacology analysis showed that the 144 components in JN act on 200 key targets for the treatment of AHLS by suppressing inflammation, regulating energy metabolism, and gastric function. In addition, JN suppressed the LPS-stimulated generation of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. And JN treatment effectively alleviated lung and stomach injury and reduced inflammation in rats. Analysis of RNA-seq from lung tissues revealed JN's substantial control over crucial genes in the IL-17 signaling pathway, including Il1b and Il17ra. Likewise, RNA sequencing of stomach tissues revealed that JN markedly decreased crucial genes in the Thermogenesis pathway, including Ppargc1a and Ppara. Additional experimental findings confirmed t