Adaptive capability of slow-growing backyard poultry as indicated by physiological and molecular responses in a hot and humid coastal climate

Assessing the adaptability of slow-growing rural chickens for improving thermotolerance to suit the global climate change is a major research need. This work was aimed to evaluate the adaptability of CARI-Debendra chickens and to identify the polymorphism as well as expression profiling of thermotol...

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Published in:Journal of thermal biology 2024-10, Vol.125, p.103985, Article 103985
Main Authors: Nayak, Nibedita, Bhanja, Subrat Kumar, Chakurkar, Eaknath B., Sahu, Amiya Ranjan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Adaptive capability
Animals
Avian Proteins - genetics
Avian Proteins - metabolism
Backyard poultry
Chickens - genetics
Chickens - growth & development
Chickens - metabolism
Chickens - physiology
Climate
Coastal climate
Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP
Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics
Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism
Hot Temperature
HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics
HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism
Humidity
Male
Molecular
Pectoralis Muscles - metabolism
Physiological
Slow growing
Thermotolerance
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Summary:Assessing the adaptability of slow-growing rural chickens for improving thermotolerance to suit the global climate change is a major research need. This work was aimed to evaluate the adaptability of CARI-Debendra chickens and to identify the polymorphism as well as expression profiling of thermotolerant genes (HSP70 and GRP78) under prevailing temperature-humidity indices and thermal stress in a coastal environment. One hundred sixty straight run chicks were reared at THI≥75 (control) and THI>80 under coastal climate till 12 weeks. Polymorphism of HSP70 and GRP78 candidate genes were explored using restriction enzymes TaqI and HaeIII to identify possible thermotolerance markers. Expression profiling of both the genes in liver, intestine and pectoralis muscle was determined through quantitative real-time PCR. Rectal and body surface temperature recorded in the neck and back showed significant differences (P 80 group. Comparatively lower live weights (P 80 group. The villi height in all intestinal segments was significantly lower (P 80 than control group. A lowest thymus weight (P 80 group indicating adaptive changes for thermoregulation. HSP70 gene expressions in the three tissues were differentially increased (P 80 than control.•HSP70 expressed 7.38, 10.04 and 10.45 folds higher in liver, intestine and breast-muscle, respectively in THI>80. GRP78 gene expression was also increased by 1.04 and 1.10 folds in liver
ISSN:0306-4565
DOI:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103985