MPXV Infection Stimulates a More Robust and Durable Neutralizing Antibody Response Compared to MVA-BN Vaccination

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination vs. MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and VACV by sera from a cohort of convalescent and vaccinated ind...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2024-10
Main Authors: Selverian, Christopher N, Monticelli, Stephanie R, Jaleta, Yakin M, Lasso, Gorka, DeMouth, Megan E, Meola, Annalisa, Berrigan, Jacob, Batchelor, Thomas G, Battini, Leandro, Guardado-Calvo, Pablo, Herbert, Andrew S, Chandran, Kartik, Meyerowitz, Eric, Miller, Emily Happy
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination vs. MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and VACV by sera from a cohort of convalescent and vaccinated individuals at 1- and 8-months post-exposure. Convalescent individuals displayed higher neutralizing antibody titers against MPXV than vaccinated and MPXV-naïve persons at one-month post-exposure. Neutralizing antibody titers had waned significantly in both groups at 8 months. This study suggests additional vaccine strategies are needed to elicit a durable humoral response and prevent breakthrough infections.
ISSN:1537-6613
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae515