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Targeted breast cancer therapy using novel nanovesicle formulations of Olea europaea extract

Olive leaf is a byproduct of the olive tree that is rich in phenolic compounds with potential anticarcinogenic effects against various cancers, including breast cancer. Nevertheless, the ingestion or topical application of such plant extracts faces certain limitations. These limitations can be addre...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2024-11, Vol.180, p.117583, Article 117583
Main Authors: Villegas-Aguilar, María del Carmen, Cádiz-Gurrea, María de la Luz, Salumets, Andres, Arráez-Román, David, Segura-Carretero, Antonio, Sola-Leyva, Alberto, Carrasco-Jiménez, María Paz
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Language:English
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Summary:Olive leaf is a byproduct of the olive tree that is rich in phenolic compounds with potential anticarcinogenic effects against various cancers, including breast cancer. Nevertheless, the ingestion or topical application of such plant extracts faces certain limitations. These limitations can be addressed by encapsulating the extracts in nanovesicles to enhance their release and bioavailability. This study aims to develop nanovesicles using Olea europaea leaf extract to exploit its potential anti-cancer properties. Soy lecithin was used to form liposomes for encapsulation of the olive leaf extract. In addition, ethanol and glycerol were added to form ethosomes and glycerosomes, respectively. The antiproliferative effect of both the free extract and the three formed nanovesicles was tested in MCF7 and MCF10A cell lines. To comprehend the mechanisms leading to reduced cell viability after exposure to olive leaf extract and its nanovesicles, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptotic stage were evaluated. The results suggest that both, the nanovesicles and the free extract, are antiproliferative agents against MCF7 tumour cells. However, when examining the impact of olive leaf extract and the formulated nanovesicles on MCF10A cells, no reduction in cell viability was observed. Our findings indicate that the anti-tumour effect of the extract and its nanovesicles may be due to increased oxidative stress, mediated by mitochondrial damage. The mechanism through which olive leaf extract exerts its antiproliferative effect on the breast cancer tumour line implies that apoptosis may be induced by the extract via the involvement of a mitochondria-dependent ROS-mediated pathway. [Display omitted] •Olive leaf extract, free or encapsulated, is effective against MCF7 cells.•Olive leaf extract does not inhibit proliferation in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells.•Encapsulation boosts bioavailability and preserves extract's anticancer properties.
ISSN:0753-3322
1950-6007
1950-6007
DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117583