Regulation and mechanisms of action of RNA helicases

RNA helicases are an evolutionary conserved class of nucleoside triphosphate dependent enzymes found in all kingdoms of life. Their cellular functions range from transcription regulation up to maintaining genomic stability and viral defence. As dysregulation of RNA helicases has been shown to be inv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RNA biology 2024-12, Vol.21 (1), p.1100-1114
Main Authors: Lang, Nina, Jagtap, Pravin Kumar Ankush, Hennig, Janosch
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
autoregulation
auxiliary domains
class
DHX9
drug development
Gene Expression Regulation
genomics
Humans
Models, Molecular
nucleosides
Protein Conformation
Review
RNA
RNA helicases
RNA Helicases - chemistry
RNA Helicases - genetics
RNA Helicases - metabolism
RNA remodelling
RNA unwinding
Structure-Activity Relationship
therapeutics
transcription (genetics)
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Summary:RNA helicases are an evolutionary conserved class of nucleoside triphosphate dependent enzymes found in all kingdoms of life. Their cellular functions range from transcription regulation up to maintaining genomic stability and viral defence. As dysregulation of RNA helicases has been shown to be involved in several cancers and various diseases, RNA helicases are potential therapeutic targets. However, for selective targeting of a specific RNA helicase, it is crucial to develop a detailed understanding about its dynamics and regulation on a molecular and structural level. Deciphering unique features of specific RNA helicases is of fundamental importance not only for future drug development but also to deepen our understanding of RNA helicase regulation and function in cellular processes. In this review, we discuss recent insights into regulation mechanisms of RNA helicases and highlight models which demonstrate the interplay between helicase structure and their functions.
ISSN:1547-6286
1555-8584
1555-8584
DOI:10.1080/15476286.2024.2415801