Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis with 22F pneumococcal bacteremia

• Published in: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West) West), 2024-11
• Main Authors: Itagaki, Hinako, Watanabe, Yoshitaka, Yagi, Naomi, Iwaku, Takashi, Kawai, Nobuhiro, Ikeda, Hirokazu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0931-041X; 1432-198X; 1432-198X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06581-5

Pneumococcal vaccines have been available worldwide since the early 2000s; consequently, few reports exist of poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) or complications of pneumococcal infection. We describe a patient with PSAGN and bacteremia with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22F (not covered by the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV 13)). A 5-year-old boy received the PCV13 vaccine and was admitted to our hospital with a fever and gross hematuria. A throat swab was positive for a streptococcal antigen, and his serum anti-streptolysin O and creatinine levels were increased. Low serum C3 levels suggested PSAGN, with an infiltrating shadow on chest X-ray. His blood culture isolated S. pneumoniae serotype 22F, and he was administered intravenous ceftriaxone for 10 days. His kidney function, pneumonia, and bacteremia improved. Children with PSAGN should be evaluated for pneumococcal bacteremia due to strains not covered by the vaccine.