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Association between menopause, body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort in northern China
•Menopause increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in lean or non-abdominal obese women.•Increased visceral fat mediates the link between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.•Menopause and weight changes are associated with changes in the visceral fat index.•For...
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| Published in: | Maturitas 2025-01, Vol.192, p.108148, Article 108148 |
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| creator | Yang, Chenlu Chen, Shuohua Feng, Baoyu Lu, Ying Wang, Yanhong Liao, Wei Wu, Shouling Wang, Li |
| description | •Menopause increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in lean or non-abdominal obese women.•Increased visceral fat mediates the link between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.•Menopause and weight changes are associated with changes in the visceral fat index.•For perimenopausal women, weight control can reduce the menopause-related risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The association between menopause, changes in body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not clear, and there is a lack of weight management strategies for perimenopausal women from the perspective of preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
A total of 1316 postmenopausal and 3049 premenopausal women in the Kailuan cohort in China between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled and followed up till 2021. Cox regression models, including the causal mediation analyses, were used to estimate the association between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the potential mediation effect of changes in body composition. We also explored the impact of weight changes on the correlation between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Women who experienced menopause had a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than premenopausal women (9-year cumulative incidence: 56.87 % vs. 48.80 %, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.219, 95 % confidence interval: 1.088–1.365). The nine-year cumulative incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was higher among overweight/obese postmenopausal women (67.24 % vs. 45.74 %, P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108148 |
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The association between menopause, changes in body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not clear, and there is a lack of weight management strategies for perimenopausal women from the perspective of preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
A total of 1316 postmenopausal and 3049 premenopausal women in the Kailuan cohort in China between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled and followed up till 2021. Cox regression models, including the causal mediation analyses, were used to estimate the association between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the potential mediation effect of changes in body composition. We also explored the impact of weight changes on the correlation between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Women who experienced menopause had a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than premenopausal women (9-year cumulative incidence: 56.87 % vs. 48.80 %, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.219, 95 % confidence interval: 1.088–1.365). The nine-year cumulative incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was higher among overweight/obese postmenopausal women (67.24 % vs. 45.74 %, P < 0.001) and those with abdominal obesity (63.36 % vs. 49.69 %, P < 0.001); however, the hazard ratio of menopause for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was more evident in women with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2 (hazard ratio = 1.434, 95 % confidence interval: 1.168–1.759) and those with normal waist circumference (hazard ratio = 1.362, 95 % confidence interval: 1.129–1.643), which could partially be explained by the visceral fat index (7.09 % and 7.35 % mediation, respectively). Weight loss of 3 % or more or reduction in waist circumference by 5 % or more was associated with a 31.1 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 20.8 %–40.0 %) or a 14.2 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 1.1 %–25.6 %) in the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among the premenopausal women. For postmenopausal women, weight gain of 3 % or more was associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in individuals with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2.
Menopause was associated with a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, partially by increasing visceral fat. Controlling weight in perimenopausal women may reduce the risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-5122</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1873-4111</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4111</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108148</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39571273</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adult ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; China - epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Menopause ; Menopause - physiology ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology ; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology ; Overweight - epidemiology ; Postmenopause ; Premenopause ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective cohort ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Weight management</subject><ispartof>Maturitas, 2025-01, Vol.192, p.108148, Article 108148</ispartof><rights>2024 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c247t-f255f3ec4d2b1975de3b7a4a0f2347cc802adc89c72e9ff63d2ad4f5bd7b48723</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39571273$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Chenlu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Shuohua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Baoyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yanhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liao, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Shouling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Li</creatorcontrib><title>Association between menopause, body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort in northern China</title><title>Maturitas</title><addtitle>Maturitas</addtitle><description>•Menopause increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in lean or non-abdominal obese women.•Increased visceral fat mediates the link between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.•Menopause and weight changes are associated with changes in the visceral fat index.•For perimenopausal women, weight control can reduce the menopause-related risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The association between menopause, changes in body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not clear, and there is a lack of weight management strategies for perimenopausal women from the perspective of preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
A total of 1316 postmenopausal and 3049 premenopausal women in the Kailuan cohort in China between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled and followed up till 2021. Cox regression models, including the causal mediation analyses, were used to estimate the association between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the potential mediation effect of changes in body composition. We also explored the impact of weight changes on the correlation between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Women who experienced menopause had a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than premenopausal women (9-year cumulative incidence: 56.87 % vs. 48.80 %, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.219, 95 % confidence interval: 1.088–1.365). The nine-year cumulative incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was higher among overweight/obese postmenopausal women (67.24 % vs. 45.74 %, P < 0.001) and those with abdominal obesity (63.36 % vs. 49.69 %, P < 0.001); however, the hazard ratio of menopause for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was more evident in women with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2 (hazard ratio = 1.434, 95 % confidence interval: 1.168–1.759) and those with normal waist circumference (hazard ratio = 1.362, 95 % confidence interval: 1.129–1.643), which could partially be explained by the visceral fat index (7.09 % and 7.35 % mediation, respectively). Weight loss of 3 % or more or reduction in waist circumference by 5 % or more was associated with a 31.1 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 20.8 %–40.0 %) or a 14.2 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 1.1 %–25.6 %) in the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among the premenopausal women. For postmenopausal women, weight gain of 3 % or more was associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in individuals with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2.
Menopause was associated with a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, partially by increasing visceral fat. Controlling weight in perimenopausal women may reduce the risk.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Body Composition</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Menopause</subject><subject>Menopause - physiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease</subject><subject>Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology</subject><subject>Overweight - epidemiology</subject><subject>Postmenopause</subject><subject>Premenopause</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Prospective cohort</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Weight management</subject><issn>0378-5122</issn><issn>1873-4111</issn><issn>1873-4111</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkEtv3CAURlGVqpmk_QstyyziKS8HT3ajUdtUitRNu0YYLhpGNjiAE80i_z1Yk2abFeLqfPdxEPpGyZoSevP9sB51mZMvOq8ZYaJWOyq6D2hFO8kbQSk9QyvCZde0lLFzdJHzgRDSEi4-oXO-aSVlkq_Q8zbnaLwuPgbcQ3kCCHiEECc9Z7jGfbRHbOI4xewX5hrrYHGIQQ8m7uPgDXa6lCMe_CMkbH0GneEWb_GUYp7AlFrHC5oK9qEmU9lDCni390F_Rh-dHjJ8eX0v0b-fP_7u7pr7P79-77b3jWFClsaxtnUcjLCspxvZWuC91EITx7iQxnSEaWu6jZEMNs7dcFv_wrW9lb3oJOOX6OrUty71MEMuavTZwDDoAHHOilNOO1E7L6g8oabunxM4NSU_6nRUlKjFvTqoN_dqca9O7mvy6-uQuR_BvuX-y67A9gRAPfXRQ1LZeAgGrE9VlLLRvzvkBWC0nQw</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Yang, Chenlu</creator><creator>Chen, Shuohua</creator><creator>Feng, Baoyu</creator><creator>Lu, Ying</creator><creator>Wang, Yanhong</creator><creator>Liao, Wei</creator><creator>Wu, Shouling</creator><creator>Wang, Li</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>Association between menopause, body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort in northern China</title><author>Yang, Chenlu ; Chen, Shuohua ; Feng, Baoyu ; Lu, Ying ; Wang, Yanhong ; Liao, Wei ; Wu, Shouling ; Wang, Li</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c247t-f255f3ec4d2b1975de3b7a4a0f2347cc802adc89c72e9ff63d2ad4f5bd7b48723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Body Composition</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Menopause</topic><topic>Menopause - physiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease</topic><topic>Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology</topic><topic>Overweight - epidemiology</topic><topic>Postmenopause</topic><topic>Premenopause</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Prospective cohort</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Weight management</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Chenlu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Shuohua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Baoyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yanhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liao, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Shouling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Li</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Maturitas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Chenlu</au><au>Chen, Shuohua</au><au>Feng, Baoyu</au><au>Lu, Ying</au><au>Wang, Yanhong</au><au>Liao, Wei</au><au>Wu, Shouling</au><au>Wang, Li</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between menopause, body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort in northern China</atitle><jtitle>Maturitas</jtitle><addtitle>Maturitas</addtitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>192</volume><spage>108148</spage><pages>108148-</pages><artnum>108148</artnum><issn>0378-5122</issn><issn>1873-4111</issn><eissn>1873-4111</eissn><abstract>•Menopause increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in lean or non-abdominal obese women.•Increased visceral fat mediates the link between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.•Menopause and weight changes are associated with changes in the visceral fat index.•For perimenopausal women, weight control can reduce the menopause-related risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The association between menopause, changes in body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not clear, and there is a lack of weight management strategies for perimenopausal women from the perspective of preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
A total of 1316 postmenopausal and 3049 premenopausal women in the Kailuan cohort in China between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled and followed up till 2021. Cox regression models, including the causal mediation analyses, were used to estimate the association between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the potential mediation effect of changes in body composition. We also explored the impact of weight changes on the correlation between menopause and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Women who experienced menopause had a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than premenopausal women (9-year cumulative incidence: 56.87 % vs. 48.80 %, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.219, 95 % confidence interval: 1.088–1.365). The nine-year cumulative incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was higher among overweight/obese postmenopausal women (67.24 % vs. 45.74 %, P < 0.001) and those with abdominal obesity (63.36 % vs. 49.69 %, P < 0.001); however, the hazard ratio of menopause for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was more evident in women with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2 (hazard ratio = 1.434, 95 % confidence interval: 1.168–1.759) and those with normal waist circumference (hazard ratio = 1.362, 95 % confidence interval: 1.129–1.643), which could partially be explained by the visceral fat index (7.09 % and 7.35 % mediation, respectively). Weight loss of 3 % or more or reduction in waist circumference by 5 % or more was associated with a 31.1 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 20.8 %–40.0 %) or a 14.2 % reduction (95 % confidence interval, 1.1 %–25.6 %) in the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among the premenopausal women. For postmenopausal women, weight gain of 3 % or more was associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially in individuals with a body mass index under 23.0 kg/m2.
Menopause was associated with a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, partially by increasing visceral fat. Controlling weight in perimenopausal women may reduce the risk.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>39571273</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108148</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Body Composition Body Mass Index China - epidemiology Cohort Studies Female Humans Incidence Menopause Menopause - physiology Middle Aged Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology Overweight - epidemiology Postmenopause Premenopause Proportional Hazards Models Prospective cohort Prospective Studies Risk Factors Weight management |
| title | Association between menopause, body composition, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective cohort in northern China |
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