Examining the hidden dangers: Understanding how microplastics affect pregnancy

• Published in: European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology 2025-01, Vol.304, p.53-62
• Main Authors: Panneerselvam, Deboral, Murugesan, Anuradha, Raveendran, Sajeetha Kumari, Kumar, Janardanan Subramonia, Venkataraman, P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Environmental exposure; Female; Fetal outcome; Humans; Maternal Exposure - adverse effects; Microplastics; Microplastics - adverse effects; Nanoplastics; Neurotoxicity; Placental miRNA; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Reproductive Toxicity
• ISSN: 0301-2115; 1872-7654; 1872-7654
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.11.024

•Microplastics (MPs) pose significant risks to maternal and fetal health during pregnancy.•Exposure routes including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact with personal care products.•MPs found in blood, breast milk, and placenta raise concerns about fetal development and long-term health.•Studies indicate MPs can disrupt endocrine function and lead to neurodevelopmental issues in offspring.•Recommendations for pregnant women include avoiding single-use plastics and choosing MP-free personal care products. Microplastics, a fast-growing environmental concern, play a crucial role in developing the major pollution crisis that affects nearly the entire surface of the planet. Microplastics are tiny particles, measuring less than 5 mm which are ubiquitous, in occurrence, and found in a wide array of products including plastic packaging, synthetic textiles, seafood, fruits, vegetables, salt, sugar, bottled water, and even personal care products. The presence of microplastics in our environment and the potential adverse health effects they may cause have made them a significant perturbation in recent years. Pregnancy is a potentially life-changing experience that entails several apprehensions and new responsibilities for women. For expectant mothers, it is imperative to be aware of the implications of microplastics during pregnancy. One threatened concern is the potential transfer of microplastics across the placenta, which could expose the developing fetus to these particles. Although research on the impact of microplastics on pregnancy is still in its early stages, preliminary findings indicate potential risks that expectant mothers should be aware of. The timing of exposure during pregnancy may play a significant role in the potential risks associated with these tiny particles. In this review, we will delve into the topic, exploring how microplastics enter the body and the potential mechanism by which they pose risks to pregnancy outcomes.