Salivary advanced glycated end products, their receptors, and aMMP-8 in periodontitis patients with varying glycemic levels: A cross-sectional study

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) 2024-12
• Main Authors: Thomas, Julie Toby, Joseph, Betsy, Varghese, Sajit, Kamalasanan Vijayakumari, Baiju, Sorsa, Timo, Mauramo, Matti, Anil, Sukumaran, Waltimo, Tuomas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0362

Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) have been implicated in developing periodontal complications in diabetic patients. This study aimed to identify salivary AGE, RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), and active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) levels at varying glycemic levels in periodontitis patients. Ninety-eight participants were categorized into uncontrolled DM-PD group (n = 27)-periodontitis patients with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%); controlled DM-PD group (n = 33)-periodontitis patients with controlled T2DM (HbA1c 5.7%-6.9%); SH-PD group (n = 18)-systemically healthy periodontitis patients; and SH-PH group (n = 20)-systemically and periodontally healthy individuals. HbA1c along with the periodontal parameters bleeding on probing (BoP), periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), number of missing teeth, and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were estimated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for analyzing salivary AGE, RAGE, sRAGE, and aMMP-8. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to develop predictive models for HbA1c based on relevant predictor variables. Periodontitis participants with uncontrolled T2DM exhibited significantly higher BoP, PPD, CAL, number of missing teeth, and PISA, along with elevated AGE, RAGE, and aMMP-8, compared to other groups (p