Investigating the Use of Novel Blood Processing Methods to Boost the Identification of Biomarkers for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Proof of Concept

Diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) currently relies on imaging; however, these methods are not effective for detecting early stage disease. Investigating blood-based protein biomarkers aims to simplify the diagnostic process and identify disease-associated changes before they can be see...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of proteome research 2025-01, Vol.24 (1), p.344-355
Main Authors: McMahon, Rosalee, Lucas, Natasha, Hill, Cameron, Pascovici, Dana, Herbert, Ben, Karsten, Elisabeth
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor - blood
Blood Proteins - analysis
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - blood
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - diagnosis
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - metabolism
Case-Control Studies
Chromatography, Liquid - methods
Female
Humans
Immunoassay - methods
Lung Neoplasms - blood
Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis
Lung Neoplasms - metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
Proof of Concept Study
Proteomics - methods
ROC Curve
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Summary:Diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) currently relies on imaging; however, these methods are not effective for detecting early stage disease. Investigating blood-based protein biomarkers aims to simplify the diagnostic process and identify disease-associated changes before they can be seen by using imaging techniques. In this study, plasma and frozen whole blood cell pellets from NSCLC patients and healthy controls were processed using both classical and novel techniques to produce a unique set of four sample types from a single blood draw. These samples were analyzed using 12 immunoassays and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to collectively screen 3974 proteins. Analysis of all fractions produced a set of 522 differentially expressed proteins, with conventional blood analysis (proteomic analysis of plasma) accounting for only 7 of the total. Boosted regression tree analysis of the differentially expressed proteins produced a panel of 13 proteins that were able to discriminate between controls and NSCLC patients, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.864 for the set. Our rapid and reproducible (
ISSN:1535-3893
1535-3907
1535-3907
DOI:10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00829