Bioengineered exosomes: Cellular membrane-camouflaged biomimetic nanocarriers for Parkinson's disease management

• Published in: European journal of pharmacology 2025-01, Vol.987, p.177199, Article 177199
• Main Authors: Afzal, Maham, Hameed, Huma, Paiva-Santos, Ana Cláudia, Saleem, Makkia, Hameed, Anam, Ahmad, Syed Muhammad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Bio-engineered; Bioengineering - methods; Biomimetic Materials - chemistry; Biomimetic Materials - pharmacology; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Cell Membrane - drug effects; Cell Membrane - metabolism; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug Delivery Systems; Exosomes; Exosomes - metabolism; Humans; Nanocarriers; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Parkinson Disease - drug therapy; Parkinson Disease - therapy; Parkinsons; Targeted delivery
• ISSN: 0014-2999; 1879-0712; 1879-0712
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177199

Parkinson's disease is a prevalent neurological condition that affects around 1% of adults over 60 worldwide. Deep brain stimulation and dopamine replacement therapy are common therapies for Parkinson's disease, yet they are unable to reverse the disease it simply because of the blood brain barrier. The use of bioengineered exosomes to treat Parkinson's disease is being studied because they have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Their natural ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and their biocompatibility make them highly suitable for delivering therapeutic agents to manage PD, specifically the role of astrocytes, microglial cells, and alpha-synuclein. It also explores the biogenesis and preparation of these bioengineered exosomes. In comparison to conventional nanocarriers, the modified exosomal-membrane-camouflaged abiotic nanocarriers show improved resilience and compatibility. Improved cellular absorption and targeted delivery of therapeutic payloads, such as medications and enzymes, are being shown in laboratory trials. A viable strategy for treating PD involves combining abiotic nanocarriers with bioengineered exosomal membranes. Despite their promising potential, successful clinical application requires overcoming hurdles related to scalable production, regulatory approval, and long-term safety evaluation. Nevertheless, the innovative use of bioengineered exosomes holds significant promise for advancing PD management and improving patient outcomes through more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies. [Display omitted] •Bioengineered exosomes are considered as a promising tool for delivering therapeutic agents in Parkinson's disease management.•Bioengineered exosomes exhibit enhanced resilience, compatibility, and targeted delivery compared to conventional nanocarriers.•Advances in bioengineering enable exosomes for improved cellular absorption and efficacy in treating Parkinson's disease.•Bioengineered exosomes offer innovative therapeutic strategies but long-term safety must be addressed for clinical application.