Spectrofluorimetric Determination of 7‐Aminoclonazepam, a Major Clonazepam Metabolite, in Human Urine: A Factorial Design of Experiment Approach to Optimize Method Development

ABSTRACT Clonazepam, a high‐potency benzodiazepine widely prescribed for seizure and panic disorders, carries a risk of abuse and dependency. This study developed a sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method for determining 7‐aminoclonazepam, the major metabolite of clonazepam, in human urin...

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Published in:Luminescence (Chichester, England) England), 2024-12, Vol.39 (12), p.e70049-n/a
Main Authors: Abduljabbar, Maram H., Althobaiti, Yusuf S., Alnemari, Reem M., Algarni, Majed A., Bamaga, Ahmed K., Alharbi, Adnan, Serag, Ahmed, Almalki, Atiah H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
7‐aminoclonazepam
Benzodiazepines
Clonazepam
Clonazepam - analogs & derivatives
Clonazepam - metabolism
Clonazepam - urine
Design factors
Design of experiments
Design optimization
DoE
Factorial design
Fluorescence
High temperature
Human wastes
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Metabolism
Metabolites
Monitoring methods
NBD‐Cl
Reagents
Seizures
Spectrofluorimetry
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Urine
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Summary:ABSTRACT Clonazepam, a high‐potency benzodiazepine widely prescribed for seizure and panic disorders, carries a risk of abuse and dependency. This study developed a sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method for determining 7‐aminoclonazepam, the major metabolite of clonazepam, in human urine. A 26‐2 factorial design was employed to screen the optimal conditions for derivatization with NBD‐Cl as the fluorescent label, considering factors such as pH, reagent volumes, temperature, and reaction time. A significant model was attained (p 
ISSN:1522-7235
1522-7243
1522-7243
DOI:10.1002/bio.70049