Relevance of Saliva Analyses in Terms of Etiological Factors, Biomarkers, and Indicators of Disease Course in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis-A Review

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, progressive, and neurodegenerative disease. The cause of this condition remains unknown. Diagnosing and monitoring the course of this disease requires the use of time-consuming, costly, and invasive methods such as magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-12, Vol.25 (23), p.12559
Main Authors: Kapel-Reguła, Aleksandra, Duś-Ilnicka, Irena, Radwan-Oczko, Małgorzata
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B cells
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Cytomegalovirus
Development and progression
Diagnostic imaging
Disease
Disease Progression
Diseases
Exocrine glands
Humans
Hypotheses
Illinois
Leukocytes
Lymphocytes
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mississippi
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - cerebrospinal fluid
Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis - metabolism
Nervous system
Proteins
Saliva - chemistry
Saliva - metabolism
Study and teaching
Systematic review
Viruses
Young adults
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Description
Summary:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, progressive, and neurodegenerative disease. The cause of this condition remains unknown. Diagnosing and monitoring the course of this disease requires the use of time-consuming, costly, and invasive methods such as magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. To date, no specific diagnostic tests for MS are available. The purpose of this publication is to answer the question of whether saliva, as a mirror of oral and general health and easily obtainable test material, can be a significant source of information on etiological factors, biomarkers, and indicators of disease progression and whether analysis of substances in saliva is sensitive enough to replace plasma, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid. For this purpose, a systematic search of databases was conducted: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms252312559