Genomic Profiling in Glioma Patients to Explore Clinically Relevant Markers

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-12, Vol.25 (23), p.13004
• Main Authors: Varachev, Viacheslav, Susova, Olga, Mitrofanov, Alexei, Naskhletashvili, David, Krasnov, George, Ikonnikova, Anna, Bezhanova, Svetlana, Semenova, Vera, Sevyan, Nadezhda, Prozorenko, Evgenii, Ammour, Yulia, Bekyashev, Ali, Nasedkina, Tatiana
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Brain cancer; Brain Neoplasms - genetics; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Brain tumors; Cancer; Care and treatment; Chemotherapy; Classification; Cyclin-dependent kinases; Dehydrogenases; Development and progression; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genomics; Genomics - methods; Glioma; Glioma - genetics; Glioma - pathology; Gliomas; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase - genetics; Kinases; Male; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Middle Aged; Morphology; Mutation; Nakano, T; Neoplasm Grading; Oncology; Patients; Prognosis; Radiation; Tumor proteins; Tumors; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms252313004

Gliomas are a heterogeneous group of brain tumors, among which the most aggressive subtype is glioblastoma, accounting for 60% of cases in adults. Available systemic treatment options are few and ineffective, so new approaches to therapies for glioblastoma are in high demand. In total, 131 patients with diffuse glioma were studied. Paired tumor-normal samples were sequenced on the Illumina platform; the panel included 812 genes associated with cancer development. Molecular profiles in clinically distinct groups were investigated. In low-grade glioma (LGG) patients (n = 18), the most common mutations were (78%), (33%), (33%), (17%), and co-deletion 1p/19q (22%). In high-grade glioma (HGG) patients (n = 113), more frequently affected genes were (33%), (71%), (60%), (27%), and (40%). The independent predictors of better prognosis were tumor grade and mutations. In IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients, a history of other precedent cancer was associated with worse overall survival (OS), while re-operation and bevacizumab therapy increased OS. Also, among genetic alterations, mutation and deletion were markers of poor prognosis. Nine patients received molecular targeted therapy, and the results were evaluated. The search for molecular changes associated with tumor growth and progression is important for diagnosis and choice of therapy.