Mitochondrial Dynamics in Brain Cells During Normal and Pathological Aging

Mitochondrial dynamics significantly play a major role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, characterized by impaired fission and fusion processes mediated by a nu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-12, Vol.25 (23), p.12855
Main Authors: Sukhorukov, Vladimir S, Baranich, Tatiana I, Egorova, Anna V, Akateva, Anastasia V, Okulova, Kseniia M, Ryabova, Maria S, Skvortsova, Krisitina A, Dmitriev, Oscar V, Mudzhiri, Natalia M, Voronkov, Dmitry N, Illarioshkin, Sergey N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Aging - pathology
Animals
Biosynthesis
Brain
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Endoplasmic reticulum
Health aspects
Humans
Membranes
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial Dynamics
Mitophagy
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Neurons
Neurons - metabolism
Neurons - pathology
Oxidative Stress
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Proteins
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Summary:Mitochondrial dynamics significantly play a major role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, characterized by impaired fission and fusion processes mediated by a number of proteins, in particular, Drp1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, and PGC-1α, contributes to neuronal vulnerability and degeneration. Insufficient mitophagy and disrupted mitochondrial transport exacerbate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. Emerging therapeutic strategies that target mitochondrial dynamics, including various pharmacological agents, demonstrate potential for restoring mitochondrial balance and enhancing neuroprotection. This growing body of research underscores the importance of mitochondrial health in developing effective interventions for neurodegenerative conditions. This review highlights well-established links between the disruption of mitochondrial dynamics and the development of neurodegenerative processes. We also discuss different therapeutic strategies that target mitochondrial function in neurons that have been proposed as perspective neuroprotective treatments.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms252312855