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The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III
Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III. To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity an...
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| Published in: | International journal of language & communication disorders 2025-01, Vol.60 (1), p.e13147 |
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| creator | Parlak, Mümüne Merve Bizpınar Munis, Özlem Köse, Ayşen Yıldırım, Cansu Ülker, Cemil Arcan |
| description | Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III.
To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability.
First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis.
Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1460-6984.13147 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3147134812</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3147134812</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-p560-8b5b848f9eb19dff1b62cdd01bb32efd171a87ab7e564ef31f5c3aaeace9e3033</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpNkL1PwzAQxS0EoqUwsyFvsKT44nyOVVQgUqUu2SM7PlPTJA5xUtH_nlQUxC3v3k9Pp9Mj5B7YEqZ5hiBiXpQmwRI4BPEFmf-Ry3_7jNw498EY8yGEazLj6URTn83JttghLcZ-b9yOHkRtlBmOVLSK9lgbIU198lbTlVLYyt7aPT46mtn31gzmgHT9JRrTisHYluZ5fkuutKgd3p11QYqXdZG9eZvta56tNl4XTj8lMpRJkOgUJaRKa5CRXynFQEruo1YQg0hiIWMMowA1Bx1WXAgUFabIGecL8vRztuvt54huKBvjKqxr0aIdXXkqA3iQgD9FH87RUTaoyq43jeiP5W8H_Bv7616p</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3147134812</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III</title><source>Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection</source><creator>Parlak, Mümüne Merve ; Bizpınar Munis, Özlem ; Köse, Ayşen ; Yıldırım, Cansu ; Ülker, Cemil Arcan</creator><creatorcontrib>Parlak, Mümüne Merve ; Bizpınar Munis, Özlem ; Köse, Ayşen ; Yıldırım, Cansu ; Ülker, Cemil Arcan</creatorcontrib><description>Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III.
To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability.
First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis.
Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations ranging from 0.571 to 0.929 were found between ACE-III-TR subsections and total scores (p < 0.05). A highly significant positive correlation was found between MMSE total score and ACE-III-TR total score (r = 0.870). Between the second and first measurements, positive, moderately significant correlations were found for all subsections and ACE-III-TR total (ICC = 0.508-0.784, r = 0.477-0.646). A high level of agreement was found between two raters for all ACE-III-TR subsections and the ACE-III-TR total score (alpha = 0.9296-0.99995). The total ACE-III-TR cut-off score was 79.5 for healthy and MCI and 69.5 for MCI and mild stage dementia.
This study found that ACE-III-TR is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia that has high validity and reliability. ACE-III-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in dementia, including AD and FTD, and in mild, moderate and advanced dementia. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.
What is already known on the subject ACE was used as a screening tool to detect MCI and to differentiate AD from FTD. ACE was revised by Hsieh et al. in 2013 and updated as ACE-III, which has the advantages of assessing five cognitive domains, not requiring the use of additional materials, and providing an effective and sensitive measurement in a short time. However, the validity and reliability study of the ACE-III in Turkish has not been conducted. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the Turkish ACE-III (ACE-III-TR), which is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? The ACE-III-TR can provide clinicians and patients with a quick and brief general cognitive screening, indicating both the patient's overall cognitive profile and the measures of each of the assessed domains. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1460-6984</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-6984</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.13147</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39698920</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease - psychology ; Cognition Disorders - diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders - psychology ; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology ; Dementia - diagnosis ; Dementia - psychology ; Female ; Frontotemporal Dementia - diagnosis ; Frontotemporal Dementia - psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests - standards ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests - standards ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Translating ; Translations ; Turkey</subject><ispartof>International journal of language & communication disorders, 2025-01, Vol.60 (1), p.e13147</ispartof><rights>2024 Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0002-1603-2360 ; 0000-0002-9957-3006</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39698920$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Parlak, Mümüne Merve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bizpınar Munis, Özlem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Köse, Ayşen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yıldırım, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ülker, Cemil Arcan</creatorcontrib><title>The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III</title><title>International journal of language & communication disorders</title><addtitle>Int J Lang Commun Disord</addtitle><description>Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III.
To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability.
First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis.
Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations ranging from 0.571 to 0.929 were found between ACE-III-TR subsections and total scores (p < 0.05). A highly significant positive correlation was found between MMSE total score and ACE-III-TR total score (r = 0.870). Between the second and first measurements, positive, moderately significant correlations were found for all subsections and ACE-III-TR total (ICC = 0.508-0.784, r = 0.477-0.646). A high level of agreement was found between two raters for all ACE-III-TR subsections and the ACE-III-TR total score (alpha = 0.9296-0.99995). The total ACE-III-TR cut-off score was 79.5 for healthy and MCI and 69.5 for MCI and mild stage dementia.
This study found that ACE-III-TR is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia that has high validity and reliability. ACE-III-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in dementia, including AD and FTD, and in mild, moderate and advanced dementia. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.
What is already known on the subject ACE was used as a screening tool to detect MCI and to differentiate AD from FTD. ACE was revised by Hsieh et al. in 2013 and updated as ACE-III, which has the advantages of assessing five cognitive domains, not requiring the use of additional materials, and providing an effective and sensitive measurement in a short time. However, the validity and reliability study of the ACE-III in Turkish has not been conducted. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the Turkish ACE-III (ACE-III-TR), which is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? The ACE-III-TR can provide clinicians and patients with a quick and brief general cognitive screening, indicating both the patient's overall cognitive profile and the measures of each of the assessed domains. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - psychology</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cognition Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology</subject><subject>Dementia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dementia - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Frontotemporal Dementia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Frontotemporal Dementia - psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mental Status and Dementia Tests - standards</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests - standards</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Translating</subject><subject>Translations</subject><subject>Turkey</subject><issn>1460-6984</issn><issn>1460-6984</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpNkL1PwzAQxS0EoqUwsyFvsKT44nyOVVQgUqUu2SM7PlPTJA5xUtH_nlQUxC3v3k9Pp9Mj5B7YEqZ5hiBiXpQmwRI4BPEFmf-Ry3_7jNw498EY8yGEazLj6URTn83JttghLcZ-b9yOHkRtlBmOVLSK9lgbIU198lbTlVLYyt7aPT46mtn31gzmgHT9JRrTisHYluZ5fkuutKgd3p11QYqXdZG9eZvta56tNl4XTj8lMpRJkOgUJaRKa5CRXynFQEruo1YQg0hiIWMMowA1Bx1WXAgUFabIGecL8vRztuvt54huKBvjKqxr0aIdXXkqA3iQgD9FH87RUTaoyq43jeiP5W8H_Bv7616p</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Parlak, Mümüne Merve</creator><creator>Bizpınar Munis, Özlem</creator><creator>Köse, Ayşen</creator><creator>Yıldırım, Cansu</creator><creator>Ülker, Cemil Arcan</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-2360</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-3006</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III</title><author>Parlak, Mümüne Merve ; Bizpınar Munis, Özlem ; Köse, Ayşen ; Yıldırım, Cansu ; Ülker, Cemil Arcan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p560-8b5b848f9eb19dff1b62cdd01bb32efd171a87ab7e564ef31f5c3aaeace9e3033</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - psychology</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cognition Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology</topic><topic>Dementia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dementia - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Frontotemporal Dementia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Frontotemporal Dementia - psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mental Status and Dementia Tests - standards</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests - standards</topic><topic>Psychometrics</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Translating</topic><topic>Translations</topic><topic>Turkey</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Parlak, Mümüne Merve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bizpınar Munis, Özlem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Köse, Ayşen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yıldırım, Cansu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ülker, Cemil Arcan</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of language & communication disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Parlak, Mümüne Merve</au><au>Bizpınar Munis, Özlem</au><au>Köse, Ayşen</au><au>Yıldırım, Cansu</au><au>Ülker, Cemil Arcan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III</atitle><jtitle>International journal of language & communication disorders</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Lang Commun Disord</addtitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e13147</spage><pages>e13147-</pages><issn>1460-6984</issn><eissn>1460-6984</eissn><abstract>Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III.
To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability.
First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis.
Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations ranging from 0.571 to 0.929 were found between ACE-III-TR subsections and total scores (p < 0.05). A highly significant positive correlation was found between MMSE total score and ACE-III-TR total score (r = 0.870). Between the second and first measurements, positive, moderately significant correlations were found for all subsections and ACE-III-TR total (ICC = 0.508-0.784, r = 0.477-0.646). A high level of agreement was found between two raters for all ACE-III-TR subsections and the ACE-III-TR total score (alpha = 0.9296-0.99995). The total ACE-III-TR cut-off score was 79.5 for healthy and MCI and 69.5 for MCI and mild stage dementia.
This study found that ACE-III-TR is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia that has high validity and reliability. ACE-III-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in dementia, including AD and FTD, and in mild, moderate and advanced dementia. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.
What is already known on the subject ACE was used as a screening tool to detect MCI and to differentiate AD from FTD. ACE was revised by Hsieh et al. in 2013 and updated as ACE-III, which has the advantages of assessing five cognitive domains, not requiring the use of additional materials, and providing an effective and sensitive measurement in a short time. However, the validity and reliability study of the ACE-III in Turkish has not been conducted. What this study adds to the existing knowledge This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the Turkish ACE-III (ACE-III-TR), which is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? The ACE-III-TR can provide clinicians and patients with a quick and brief general cognitive screening, indicating both the patient's overall cognitive profile and the measures of each of the assessed domains. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>39698920</pmid><doi>10.1111/1460-6984.13147</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-2360</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-3006</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of language & communication disorders, 2025-01, Vol.60 (1), p.e13147 |
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| subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis Alzheimer Disease - psychology Cognition Disorders - diagnosis Cognition Disorders - psychology Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis Cognitive Dysfunction - psychology Dementia - diagnosis Dementia - psychology Female Frontotemporal Dementia - diagnosis Frontotemporal Dementia - psychology Humans Male Mental Status and Dementia Tests - standards Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests - standards Psychometrics Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity Translating Translations Turkey |
| title | The Turkish validity and reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III |
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