The adjuvant effect of manganese on tuberculosis subunit vaccine Bfrb-GrpE

Protein subunit vaccines, lacking pathogen-associated molecular patterns that trigger immune responses, rely on adjuvants to induce robust immune responses against the target pathogen. Thus, selection of adjuvants plays a crucial role in the design of protein subunit vaccines. Recently, there has be...

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Published in:npj vaccines 2024-12, Vol.9 (1), p.248
Main Authors: Zhou, Shuai, Cao, Qianqian, Zhang, Zunjing, Du, Yunjie, Hou, Yilin, Zhang, Xiaojuan, xie, Zhijun, Zhou, Yuan, Zhu, Bingdong, Zhang, Ying, Zhu, Aisong, Niu, Hongxia
Format: Article
Language:English
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Adjuvants
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Immunization
Immunogenicity
Infections
Infectious Diseases
Manganese
Medical Microbiology
Pathogens
Public Health
Tuberculosis
Vaccine
Vaccines
Virology
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Summary:Protein subunit vaccines, lacking pathogen-associated molecular patterns that trigger immune responses, rely on adjuvants to induce robust immune responses against the target pathogen. Thus, selection of adjuvants plays a crucial role in the design of protein subunit vaccines. Recently, there has been growing interest in utilizing cGAS-STING agonists as vaccine adjuvants. In this study, we investigated the adjuvant effect of manganese (Mn), a cGAS-STING agonist, on the tuberculosis subunit vaccine Bfrb-GrpE (BG) in a mouse model. Initially, mice were administered with BG-Mn(J), and its immunogenicity and protective efficacy were assessed six weeks after the final immunization. The results showed that Mn(J) enhanced both the cellular and humoral immune responses to the BG vaccine and conferred effective protection against M. tuberculosis H37Ra infection in mice, leading to a significant reduction of 2.0 ± 0.17 Log 10 CFU in spleens and 1.3 ± 0.17 Log 10 CFU in lungs compared to the PBS control group. Additionally, we assessed the BG-Mn(J) vaccine in a surrogate model of tuberculosis in rabbit skin model. The vaccination with BG-Mn(J) also provided effective protection in the rabbit model, as indicated by a decreased bacterial load at the infection site, minimal pathological damage, and accelerated healing. These findings suggest that Mn(J) holds promise as an adjuvant for tuberculosis vaccines, underscoring its potential to enhance vaccine efficacy and offer protection against tuberculosis infection.
ISSN:2059-0105
2059-0105
DOI:10.1038/s41541-024-01049-x