Poly(ionic liquid)-regulated green one-pot synthesis of Au@Pt porous nanospheres for the smart detection of acid phosphatase and organophosphorus inhibitor

• Published in: Talanta (Oxford) 2025-05, Vol.286, p.127503, Article 127503
• Main Authors: Wang, Aozhou, Yao, Kaisheng, Wang, Qi, Han, Tianhang, Lu, Weiwei, Xia, Yumin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid phosphatase; Au@Pt porous nanospheres; Colorimetric sensing; Organophosphorus inhibitors; Poly(ionic liquid)-regulated synthesis
• ISSN: 0039-9140; 1873-3573; 1873-3573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127503

Here, a green poly(ionic liquid)-regulated one-pot method is developed for the synthesis of Au@Pt core-shell nanospheres (PNSs) under mild reaction conditions in water. It is found that the poly(ionic liquid) poly[1-methyl-3-butyl (3-hydroxy) imidazole] chloride (PIL-Cl) is very vital to guide the construction of Au@Pt PNSs. The as-obtained Au@Pt-1 PNSs have perfect spherical outlines, porous core-shell structures and large specific surface area by which they exhibit excellent peroxidase-like activity in acidic media and can be used to develop a simple and reliable colorimetric sensing platform. It is shown that the colorimetric sensing platform constructed with Au@Pt-1 PNSs nanozyme can effectively evaluate ACP activity, achieving a wide linear detection range of 0.1–3.0 U/L and having a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.047 U/L (S/N = 3). Based on the cascade reaction, the Au@Pt-1 PNSs nanozyme and ACP are integrated to develop a biosensor, which can detect organophosphate inhibitor of malathion with a wide linear detection range of 5–80 nM and low LOD of 1.96 nM (S/N = 3). More importantly, this detection method is also practically applied to detect both ACP activity in fetal bovine serum and malathion concentration in cucumber juice with satisfied results. This work presents a simple and green feature for the synthesis of nanozyme with high performance and establishes a biosensing platform based on Au@Pt-1 PNSs nanozyme to effectively monitor the ACP activity and the concentration of its organophosphate inhibitor malathion with high sensitivity, anti-interference capability and good recovery capability. The Au@Pt porous nanospheres are poly(ionic liquid)-regulated green synthesized under mild reaction conditions and establish biosensing platform to detect ACP activity and organophosphate inhibitor concentration, with high sensitivity, anti-interference capability and good recovery rates. [Display omitted] •High performance nanozyme is facile prepared under the regulation of PIL-Cl.•The preparation of Au@thick Pt PNSs is achieved at 30 °C for 1.0 h in water.•Au@Pt-1 PNSs nanoenzyme exhibits excellent peroxidase-like activity.•The established colorimetric platform is very sensitive to detect ACP and malathion.•The method could be applied to real samples with excellent performance.