Genome engineering of the human gut microbiome

The human gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem, significantly influences host health, impacting crucial aspects such as metabolism and immunity. To enhance our comprehension and control of the molecular mechanisms orchestrating the intricate interplay between gut commensal bacteria and human health,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of genetics and genomics 2024-05, Vol.51 (5), p.479-491
Main Authors: Zheng, Linggang, Shen, Juntao, Chen, Ruiyue, Hu, Yucan, Zhao, Wei, Leung, Elaine Lai-Han, Dai, Lei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cargo delivery
digestive system
DNA
ecosystems
genome
Genome editing reagents
genomics
High-throughput genome engineering
human health
humans
immunity
intestinal microorganisms
metabolism
Non-model gut commensals
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Summary:The human gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem, significantly influences host health, impacting crucial aspects such as metabolism and immunity. To enhance our comprehension and control of the molecular mechanisms orchestrating the intricate interplay between gut commensal bacteria and human health, the exploration of genome engineering for gut microbes is a promising frontier. Nevertheless, the complexities and diversities inherent in the gut microbiome pose substantial challenges to the development of effective genome engineering tools for human gut microbes. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the current progress and challenges in genome engineering of human gut commensal bacteria, whether executed in vitro or in situ. A specific focus is directed towards the advancements and prospects in cargo DNA delivery and high-throughput techniques. Additionally, we elucidate the immense potential of genome engineering methods to enhance our understanding of the human gut microbiome and engineer the microorganisms to enhance human health.
ISSN:1673-8527
DOI:10.1016/j.jgg.2024.01.002