Leaf morphoanatomy of species tolerant to excess iron and evaluation of their phytoextraction potential

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2014-02, Vol.21 (4), p.2550-2562
• Main Authors: Santana, Brenda Vila Nova, de Araújo, Talita Oliveira, Andrade, Guilherme Carvalho, de Freitas-Silva, Larisse, Kuki, Kacilda Naomi, Pereira, Eduardo Gusmão, Azevedo, Aristéa Alves, da Silva, Luzimar Campos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioremediation; Cell division; Cell size; chlorosis; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Edetic acid; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Epidermis; Flowers & plants; Grasses; Histology; Hydroponics; Iron; Iron - metabolism; Iron - toxicity; Iron compounds; Leaves; Metals; Morphology; necrosis; Paspalum - anatomy & histology; Paspalum - drug effects; Paspalum - metabolism; Paspalum urvillei; phytoaccumulation; phytoremediation; Phytotoxicity; Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology; Plant Leaves - metabolism; Plant Roots - metabolism; Plant Shoots - metabolism; Pollutants; protoplasts; Research Article; root systems; saplings; Setaria parviflora; Setaria Plant - anatomy & histology; Setaria Plant - drug effects; Setaria Plant - metabolism; Shoots; soil; Soil contaminants; Species; Studies; Toxicity; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Xylem
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2160-5

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen and Paspalum urvillei Steudel are grasses that grow naturally in a soil with high iron contents. This study aimed to characterize morphoanatomically and histochemically the iron phytotoxicity on leaves and evaluate the phytoextraction potential of these grasses. Saplings were cultivated in hydroponic solution with and without excess Fe-EDTA. Regarding measurements taken on leaves, reduction was observed among treatments of Fe-EDTA on height values of abaxial epidermis and bundle sheath in both species. As for iron histolocalization, stronger reaction was observed in leaves of S. parviflora, in comparison with P. urvillei. Anatomical damage, such as protoplast retraction, irregular xylem, changes in cell volume, and cell collapse, and visual symptoms, like leaf bronzing, chlorosis, and necrosis, were similar in both species when exposed to excess iron; however, P. urvillei showed more severe damage. This species accumulated more iron in shoots than S. parviflora and therefore is more favorable for use in phytoextraction. The root system of both species accumulated higher iron concentrations in relation to shoots.