Croatian Action on Salt and Health (CRASH): On the Road to Success-Less Salt, More Health

• Published in: Nutrients 2024-05, Vol.16 (10), p.1518
• Main Authors: Jelaković, Bojan, Marinović Glavić, Mihaela, Batinić Sermek, Marija, Bilajac, Lovorka, Bubaš, Marija, Buzjak Služek, Vlatka, Capak, Krunoslav, Drenjančević, Ines, Gross Bošković, Andrea, Jelaković, Ana, Jukić, Tomislav, Kolarić Kravar, Sanja, Kralj, Verica, Pećin, Ivan, Pollak, Lea, Skoko-Poljak, Dunja, Stražanac, Danijela, Stupin, Ana, Vasiljev, Vanja, Vidranski, Valentina, Reiner, Željko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bakeries; Bread; breads; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic diseases; cost effectiveness; Croatia; Diabetes; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; excretion; Female; Food Industry; Health aspects; Health Promotion - methods; human health; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney diseases; livestock and meat industry; Male; Mortality; Nutrition Policy; Public health; ready-to-eat foods; Risk factors; Salt; Sodium; Sodium Chloride, Dietary - administration & dosage; Type 2 diabetes; urine; World Health Organization
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16101518

The World Health Organization recommends adjusting salt intake as a part of the nine global targets to reduce premature mortality from non-communicable chronic diseases as a priority and the most cost-effective intervention. In 2006, the main aim of the Croatian Action on Salt and Health was to decrease salt intake by 16% because of its critical intake and consequences on human health. We have organized educative activities to increase awareness on salt harmfulness, define food categories of prime interest, collaborate with industries and determine salt intake (24 h urine sodium excretion). It was determined that the proportion of salt in ready-to-eat baked bread should not exceed 1.4%. In the period 2014-2022, salt in semi-white bread was reduced by 14%, 22% in bakery and 25% in the largest meat industry. Awareness of the harmfulness of salt on health increased from 65.3% in 2008 to 96.9% in 2023 and salt intake was reduced by 15.9-1.8 g/day (22.8% men, 11.7% women). In the last 18 years, a significant decrease in salt intake was achieved in Croatia, awareness of its harmfulness increased, collaboration with the food industry was established and regulatory documents were launched. However, salt intake is still very high, underlying the need for continuation of efforts and even stronger activities.