Foliar Application of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Strain 33504-Borg201 Promotes Faba Bean Growth and Enhances Systemic Resistance Against Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus Infection

• Published in: Current microbiology 2024-08, Vol.81 (8), p.220-220, Article 220
• Main Authors: Yassin, Yara, Aseel, Dalia, Khalil, Abdallah, Abdel-Megeed, Ahmed, Al-Askar, Abdulaziz, Elbeaino, Toufic, Moawad, Hassan, Behiry, Said, Abdelkhalek, Ahmed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Agriculture; Bean yellow mosaic virus; Beans; Biological control; biological control agents; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Broad beans; catechol oxidase; Chlorophyll; cost effectiveness; Crop diseases; Crop production; Crops; Defense mechanisms; Disease Resistance; Enzymes; faba beans; foliar application; Foliar applications; Gene expression; Genes; greenhouses; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydrogen Peroxide - metabolism; hydroxycinnamoyltransferase; Infections; Legumes; Life Sciences; malondialdehyde; Microbiology; Nitrogen; Nitrogen fixation; Nitrogenation; Pathogenesis; Peroxidase; Pesticides; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Diseases - prevention & control; Plant Diseases - virology; Plant growth; Plant Leaves - microbiology; Plant Leaves - virology; Plant protection; Plant sciences; Polyphenol oxidase; protein content; Protein folding; Proteins; Rhizobium leguminosarum; Rhizobium leguminosarum - genetics; Rhizobium leguminosarum - growth & development; Rhizobium leguminosarum - physiology; Vicia faba - microbiology; Vicia faba - virology; Viral infections; Viruses
• ISSN: 0343-8651; 1432-0991; 1432-0991
• DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03733-6

The bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) is one of the most serious economic diseases affecting faba bean crop production. Rhizobium spp., well known for its high nitrogen fixation capacity in legumes, has received little study as a possible biocontrol agent and antiviral . Under greenhouse conditions, foliar application of molecularly characterized Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Borg201 to the faba bean leaves 24 h before they were infected with BYMV made them much more resistant to the disease while also lowering its severity and accumulation. Furthermore, the treatment promoted plant growth and health, as evidenced by the increased total chlorophyll (32.75 mg/g f.wt.) and protein content (14.39 mg/g f.wt.), as well as the improved fresh and dry weights of the plants. The protective effects of 33504-Borg201 greatly lowered the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) (4.92 µmol/g f.wt.) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (173.72 µmol/g f.wt.). The antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (1.58 µM/g f.wt.) and polyphenol oxidase (0.57 µM/g f.wt.) inhibited the development of BYMV in plants treated with 33504-Borg201. Gene expression analysis showed that faba bean plants treated with 33504-Borg201 had higher amounts of pathogenesis-related protein-1 (PR-1) (3.28-fold) and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (4.13-fold) than control plants. These findings demonstrate the potential of 33,504-Borg201 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly method to protect faba bean plants against BYMV. Implementing this approach could help develop a simple and sustainable strategy for protecting faba bean crops from the devastating effects of BYMV.