Tyramine as a possible virulence factor in Melissococcus plutonius

European foulbrood is one of the primary diseases in bee larvae ( Apis mellifera ). Its causal agent, Melissococcus plutonius , has been classified into three clonal complexes (CC12, CC3, and CC13), showing phenotypic variations among their virulence. The pathogenic mechanisms of the clonal complexe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Apidologie 2024-10, Vol.55 (5), p.61-61, Article 61
Main Authors: Pérez-Ordóñez, Gerardo, Romo-Chacón, Alejandro, Chávez-Flores, David, Sepúlveda, David R., Rios-Velasco, Claudio, de Jesús Ornelas-Paz, José, Acosta-Muñiz, Carlos H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptability
Apis mellifera
bees
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Entomology
European foul brood
European foulbrood
Larvae
Life Sciences
Liquid chromatography
Melissococcus plutonius
Original Article
Pathogenicity
Pathogens
phenotype
Phenotypic variations
Toxicity
Tyramine
Virulence
Virulence factors
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Summary:European foulbrood is one of the primary diseases in bee larvae ( Apis mellifera ). Its causal agent, Melissococcus plutonius , has been classified into three clonal complexes (CC12, CC3, and CC13), showing phenotypic variations among their virulence. The pathogenic mechanisms of the clonal complexes used to kill larvae are not fully understood. Tyramine, a monoamine used by some bacteria to adapt to stress conditions, could be a potential virulence factor of M. plutonius . Therefore, the ability of M. plutonius to produce tyramine was evaluated in this study using biochemical and genetic tools, in addition to the quantification of tyramine by HPLC in each clonal complex. CC12 showed high tyramine production and better adaptability to acidic environments than CC3 and CC13. Additionally, the toxicity of tyramine in bee larvae was evaluated by determining an LD 50 of 0.172 mg/mL. These results show the influence that tyramine may have in the first steps of the pathogenicity process of M. plutonius , allowing it to better survive in acidic environments.
ISSN:0044-8435
1297-9678
DOI:10.1007/s13592-024-01104-5