Fabrication and characterization of colorimetric indicator for Salmon freshness monitoring using agar/polyvinyl alcohol gel and anthocyanin from different plant sources

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules 2023-06, Vol.239, p.124198-124198, Article 124198
• Main Authors: Xiaowei, Huang, Liuzi, Du, Zhihua, Li, Jin, Xue, Jiyong, Shi, Xiaodong, Zhai, Junjun, Zhang, Ning, Zhang, Holmes, Melvin, Xiaobo, Zou
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: absorbance; Agar; ammonia; Animals; Anthocyanin from different plant sources; anthocyanins; Anthocyanins - chemistry; Colorimetry; dimethylamine; Food Packaging; freshness; gels; glucosides; Hibiscus sabdariffa; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intelligent packaging based on colorimetric indicator; polyvinyl alcohol; Polyvinyl Alcohol - chemistry; Salmon; Salmon freshness; spectral analysis; trimethylamine
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124198

In order to investigate the sensitivity of anthocyanins from different plant origin as indicators for salmon freshness, nine plant anthocyanins were extracted and fabricated into colorimetric sensor arrays to detect NH3, trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA) to indicate salmon freshness. Rosella anthocyanin had the highest sensitivity for amines, ammonia and salmon. HPLC-MSS analysis indicated that Delphinidin-3 glucoside accounted for 75.48 % of the Rosella anthocyanin. UV–visible spectral analysis showed that the maximum absorbance band of Roselle anthocyanins for acid and alkaline forms were located at 525 nm and 625 nm which showed a relatively broader spectrum than other anthocyanins. An indicator film was fabricated by combining Roselle anthocyanin with agar and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which showed visible changes from red to green when employed to monitor the freshness of salmon stored at 4 °C. The ΔE value of Roselle anthocyanin indicator film was changed from 5.94 to >10. The ΔE value also can predict the chemical quality indicators of salmon effectively, especially with characteristic volatile components, and the predictive correlation coefficient was above 0.98. Therefore, the proposed indicating film showed great potential monitoring salmon freshness. •Nine kinds of Ants were extracted from nine plants.•The Ant structure of nine pigments were explored.•The sensitivity for different Ants was compared in salmon freshness indication.•An Ant-rich packaging films developed by natural pigments.•Ants with more -OH groups on B-ring shown more sensitivity.