Synthesis, characterization and MAFLD prevention potential of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide-stabilized selenium nanoparticles

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules 2024-12, Vol.282 (Pt 3), p.136962, Article 136962
• Main Authors: Xiao, Zhengpeng, Zhou, Jiali, Chen, Hanqi, Chen, Xuan, Wang, Lei, Liu, Dongbo, Kang, Xincong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: antagonists; Antioxidant activity; antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; biosynthesis; color; Ferroptosis; Fungal Polysaccharides - chemistry; Fungal Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Ganoderma lucidum; Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharides; genes; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; iron overload; Lipid accumulation; lipid metabolism; lipids; MAFLD; nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; NRF2; oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; polysaccharides; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Reishi - chemistry; selenium; Selenium - chemistry; Selenium - pharmacology; Selenium nanoparticles; spores; Spores, Fungal - drug effects; stabilizers; therapeutics; zeta potential
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136962

The unstability of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) results in decreased activity which limits its therapeutic potential. In this study, we utilized Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide (GLP, Mw = 983.96 kDa) as a novel stabilizer to synthesize GLP-SeNPs. GLP-SeNPs (Se/GLP = 1/3) with an average diameter of 149 nm were successfully prepared and it was stable for at least 30 days at 4 °C. It exhibited an orange-red color, zero valence state, amorphous structure, selenium uniform distribution, a zeta potential of −29.73 mV, selenium content of 16.04 %. GLP-SeNPs pretreatment decreased lipid accumulation, reduced ROS content and enhanced SOD and CAT activity in HepG2 cells. Fe2+ and MDA contents were decreased, while GPX4 and GSH activities were increased. All these ameliorated effects could be abolished by NRF2 antagonist ML385. The expression of anti-oxidant genes and iron exporter was up-regulated, while that of pro-oxidant and lipid biosynthesis gene was down-regulated. The GPX4 activity could be reduced by ML385 addition. In conclusion, GLP-SeNPs was successfully constructed at the ratio of 1/3 (Se/GLP). It prevents MAFLD by targeting ferroptosis, including lowering iron overload, inhibiting lipid accumulation and attenuating oxidative stress. The improvement was conducted via activating SLC40A1-mediated iron pathway, ACSL4-mediated lipid metabolism and NRF2-mediated GSH-GPX4 pathway. Therefore, GLP-SeNPs can be used as potential selenium nutritional supplements or adjuvants for MAFLD prevention. [Display omitted] •GLP-SeNPs were successfully constructed at the ratio of 1/3 (Se/GLP).•GLP-SeNPs prevent MAFLD by targeting ferroptosis.•The improvement was conducted via activating NRF2-mediated GSH-GPX4 pathway.•GLP-SeNPs activate SLC40A1-mediated iron pathway and ACSL4-mediated lipid metabolism.•GLP-SeNPs can be used as potential selenium nutritional for MAFLD prevention.