Associations between the gut microbiome, inflammation and cardiovascular profiles in people with HIV

Inflammation and innate immune activation are associated with chronic HIV infection, despite effective treatment. Although gut microbiota alterations are linked to systemic inflammation, the relationships between the gut microbiome, inflammation and HIV remain unclear. The UPBEAT-CAD sub-study, exam...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2025-01
Main Authors: MacCann, Rachel, Li, Junhui, Leon, Alejandro Abner Garcia, Negi, Riya, Alalwan, Dana, Tinago, Willard, McGettrick, Padraig, Cotter, Aoife G, Landay, Alan, Sabin, Caroline, O'Toole, Paul W, Mallon, Patrick W
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Inflammation and innate immune activation are associated with chronic HIV infection, despite effective treatment. Although gut microbiota alterations are linked to systemic inflammation, the relationships between the gut microbiome, inflammation and HIV remain unclear. The UPBEAT-CAD sub-study, examining cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in HIV, enrolled participants matched on HIV status and traditional CVD risk factors. Subclinical CVD was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). 34 biomarkers were measured using quantitative immunoassays. Microbiota composition was analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples, with taxonomic assignment via the SPINGO pipeline. Differentially abundant species were identified by Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC) and correlated to biomarkers, diet and CCTA outcomes using Spearman correlation. Among 81 participants (median age 51 years, 73% male), people with HIV (n=44 , 54%) had a higher prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia (p
ISSN:1537-6613
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiaf043