Removal of trihalomethanes from drinking water by nanofiltration membranes

Chlorine reacts with the natural organic matter (NOM) in waters and forms disinfection by-products (DBP). Major of these by-products are trihalomethanes (THM) and haloacetic acids (HAA). They have been known to cause cancer and other toxic effects to human beings. This study determined the removal e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2008-04, Vol.152 (2), p.789-794
Main Authors: Uyak, Vedat, Koyuncu, Ismail, Oktem, Ibrahim, Cakmakci, Mehmet, Toroz, Ismail
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Atmospheric pollution
Chemical engineering
Chloroform - isolation & purification
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
Exact sciences and technology
Filtration - instrumentation
Membrane separation (reverse osmosis, dialysis...)
Membranes, Artificial
Nanofiltration (NF)
Nanostructures
Operational conditions
Pollution
Synthetic water
Trihalomethanes (THM)
Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification
Water Supply
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:Chlorine reacts with the natural organic matter (NOM) in waters and forms disinfection by-products (DBP). Major of these by-products are trihalomethanes (THM) and haloacetic acids (HAA). They have been known to cause cancer and other toxic effects to human beings. This study determined the removal efficiencies of THM by nanofiltration (NF) techniques with NF200 and DS5 membrane. The rejection of this chlorination by-products was studied at various feed concentration by changing transmembrane pressure. Experimental results indicated that in general increasing operating pressure produces a higher flux but does not have a significant effect on THM rejection. On the other hand, increasing the feed concentration produces a little change in the overall flux and rejection capacity. NF200 membrane removed more THM than DS5 membrane. The higher removal efficiency of dibromochloromethane (DBCM) was attributed to brominating characteristics (higher molecular weight (MW) and molecular size). As a consequence, the results of this study suggest that the NF membrane process is one of the best available technologies for removing THM compounds.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.082