Improving wastewater effluent filtration by changing flow regimes—Investigations in two cold climate pilot scale systems

Two pilot-scale experimental filter systems (FSs) filled with light-weight aggregates (LWA) or crushed limestone (CL) and operated under different flow regimes were established during the summer of 2005. The main objective of the study was to compare continuous-flow hybrid CL and LWA filters and bat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecological engineering 2009-02, Vol.35 (2), p.193-203
Main Authors: Põldvere, Elar, Karabelnik, Kristjan, Noorvee, Alar, Maddison, Martin, Nurk, Kaspar, Zaytsev, Igor, Mander, Ülo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aeration
Aggregates
Batch-operation
Climate
Cold treatment
Constructed wetland
Crushing
Design
Design engineering
Design parameters
Domestic
Effluents
Filtration
Horizontal subsurface flow filter
Hybrid systems
Indicators
Limestone
Management
Nitrification
Optimization
Purification
Re-circulation
Summer
Vertical subsurface flow filter
Waste water
Water quality
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Summary:Two pilot-scale experimental filter systems (FSs) filled with light-weight aggregates (LWA) or crushed limestone (CL) and operated under different flow regimes were established during the summer of 2005. The main objective of the study was to compare continuous-flow hybrid CL and LWA filters and batch-operated LWA filters in order to determine optimal loading, design parameters, management schemes and operational regimes for LWA-based FSs in cold climate conditions for the secondary treatment of domestic wastewater. With higher re-circulation rates of treated water, purification efficiency increased in terms of most water quality indicators in both types of filter systems. In the batch-operated FS the highest purification efficiencies of 96% and 51% for BOD 7 and N tot, respectively, were achieved when the re-circulation rate of 200% was applied. In the continuous-flow FS the highest purification efficiencies of 99% and 81% for BOD 7 and N tot, respectively, were achieved when the re-circulation rate up to 300% was applied. In order to achieve effective organic matter removal, nitrification/denitrification and TSS removal, the re-circulation rate must be from 100% to 300% of the inflowing wastewater. Both FS designs, the continuous-flow hybrid systems and the batch-operated filters, are suitable for the secondary treatment of domestic wastewater in cold climate conditions.
ISSN:0925-8574
1872-6992
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.05.019