Cenozoic exhumation of the southern British Isles

• Published in: Geology (Boulder) 2008-05, Vol.36 (5), p.371-374
• Main Authors: Hillis, Richard R, Holford, Simon P, Green, Paul F, Doré, Anthony G, Gatliff, Robert W, Stoker, Martyn S, Thomson, Kenneth, Turner, Jonathan P, Underhill, John R, Williams, Gareth A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Atlantic Ocean; Cardigan Bay; Cenozoic; chronology; compression; crust; crustal shortening; England; Europe; exhumation; Geological time; Geophysics; Great Britain; Igneous rocks; intraplate processes; Ireland; lithosphere; mechanical properties; Neogene; North Atlantic; North Sea; Petrology; plate boundaries; plate tectonics; Rocks; Saint George's Channel Basin; solid Earth (tectonophysics); Stratigraphy; strength; Tertiary; The Weald; underplating; United Kingdom; uplifts; Wales; Wessex Basin; Western Europe
• ISSN: 0091-7613; 1943-2682
• DOI: 10.1130/G24699A.1

Rocks that crop out across southern Britain were exhumed from depths of as much as 2.5 km during Cenozoic time. This has been widely attributed to Paleocene regional uplift resulting from igneous underplating related to the Iceland mantle plume. Our compilation of paleothermal and compaction data reveals spatial and temporal patterns of exhumation showing little correspondence with the postulated influence of underplating, instead being dominated by kilometer-scale variations across Cenozoic compressional structures, which in several basins are demonstrably of Neogene age. We propose that crustal compression, due to plate boundary forces transmitted into the plate interior, was the major cause of Cenozoic uplift in southern Britain, witnessing a high strength crust in western Europe.