Experimental trends of NO in circulating fluidized bed combustion

Experimental trends for the dependence of CO, NO and N 2O emissions on bed temperature and oxygen concentration in circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFB) are presented. The main focus is on the nitrogen emission formation in the lower furnace area. A test campaign including seven tests with a la...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fuel (Guildford) 2009-07, Vol.88 (7), p.1333-1341
Main Authors: Tourunen, A., Saastamoinen, J., Nevalainen, H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
CFBC
Char inventory
Circulating
Combustion
Correlation
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc
Exact sciences and technology
Fluidized beds
Furnaces
Furnaces. Firing chambers. Burners
Modelling
N 2O
Nitrogen emissions
Nitrous oxides
Solid and pulverized fuel burners and combustion chambers
Trends
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Summary:Experimental trends for the dependence of CO, NO and N 2O emissions on bed temperature and oxygen concentration in circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFB) are presented. The main focus is on the nitrogen emission formation in the lower furnace area. A test campaign including seven tests with a laboratory scale CFB test rig were carried out to produce appropriate data of the phenomena. These experiments show that NO emissions above the dense bed decrease with decreasing temperature or oxygen concentration. Instead, N 2O emissions increase when the bed temperature is decreased and decrease when the oxygen concentration is decreased. These trends can partly be explained by heterogeneous reactions between NO and char, since decrease in temperature or oxygen concentration increases the bed char inventory. However, oxygen and temperature also affect directly on NO emissions. Correlations for the CO, NO, N 2O, NH 3 and HCN concentrations at the exit of dense bed were developed. This type of correlations can, among other things, be applied as boundary conditions to the more sophisticated CFD models that are usually applied to modelling of diluted part of the furnace. CFD modelling of the dense bed area is complicated and accuracy is not sufficient, thus simplified experimental correlations can aid in the development of furnace design towards better emission performance.
ISSN:0016-2361
1873-7153
DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.020