Sensitivity Analysis to Operation Margin of Zone 3 Impedance Relays With Bus Power and Shunt Susceptance

Zone 3 impedance relays are sensitive to power-flow distribution due to their overreaching property, and may undesirably operate in stressed system conditions with reactive power shortages or neighboring faults. In this paper, the distance of the apparent impedance to the protection boundary on the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power delivery 2008-01, Vol.23 (1), p.102-108
Main Authors: Shenghu Li, Yorino, N., Ming Ding, Zoka, Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Bus power
Buses (vehicles)
Bypasses
Connection and protection apparatus
Digital relays
Electric potential
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Exact sciences and technology
Impedance
impedance relay
operation margin
Operation. Load control. Reliability
Power networks and lines
Power system relaying
Protection
Protective relaying
Reactive power
Sensitivity analysis
Shunt (electrical)
shunt compensation
Shunts
Torque
transmission system
Voltage
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Summary:Zone 3 impedance relays are sensitive to power-flow distribution due to their overreaching property, and may undesirably operate in stressed system conditions with reactive power shortages or neighboring faults. In this paper, the distance of the apparent impedance to the protection boundary on the R-X plane is defined by the operation margin, which is expressed as the function of bus voltages. The sensitivities of the operation margin to bus voltages, bus powers, and shunt susceptances quantify the influence of various disturbances on the relay performance. The numerical results show: (1) the operation margin is quantified by the sensitivities with satisfying accuracy and less computation effort compared with power-flow schemes; (2) the variation of bus powers and shunt susceptances at different locations may improve or decrease the operation margin; and (3) the variation of active and reactive powers at the same bus may yield opposite effects on the operation margin.
ISSN:0885-8977
1937-4208
DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2007.911174