On the measurement and analysis of asymmetry with applications to facial modelling

Asymmetry is a feature of shape which is of particular interest in a variety of applications. With landmark data, the essential information on asymmetry is contained in the degree to which there is a mismatch between a landmark configuration and its relabelled and matched reflection.This idea is exp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied statistics 2006-01, Vol.55 (1), p.77-91
Main Authors: Bock, Mitchum T., Bowman, Adrian W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applications
Asymmetry
Babies
Body
Centroids
Children
Cleft lip
Cleft lip and palate
Combinatorics
Combinatorics. Ordered structures
Cross-validation
Curve data
Designs and configurations
Exact sciences and technology
Face
Facial modelling
Functional data
Landmark data
Landmarks
Mathematical models
Mathematics
Medical disorders
Medical research
Methodology
Modeling
Modelling
Mouth
Population statistics
Probability and statistics
Procrustes analysis
Rotation
Sciences and techniques of general use
Shape analysis
Statistical methods
Statistical models
Statistics
Studies
Symmetry
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Summary:Asymmetry is a feature of shape which is of particular interest in a variety of applications. With landmark data, the essential information on asymmetry is contained in the degree to which there is a mismatch between a landmark configuration and its relabelled and matched reflection.This idea is explored in the context of a study of facial shape in infants, where particular interest lies in identifying changes over time and in assessing residual deformity in children who have had corrective surgery for a cleft lip or cleft lip and palate. Interest lies not in whether the mean shape is asymmetric but in comparing the degrees of asymmetry in different populations. A decomposition of the asymmetry score into components that are attributable to particular features of the face is proposed. A further decomposition allows different sources of asymmetry due to position, orientation or intrinsic asymmetry to be identified for each feature. The methods are also extended to data representing anatomical curves across the face.
ISSN:0035-9254
1467-9876
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9876.2005.00532.x