Hair testing and self-report of cocaine use by heroin users

ABSTRACT Aim  Failure to disclose cocaine use can have a negative impact on medical care and research validity. This study was performed to identify predictors of cocaine non‐disclosure among individuals who self‐reported heroin use during a medical care encounter. Design  A prospective comparison o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2004-05, Vol.99 (5), p.590-597
Main Authors: Tassiopoulos, Katherine, Bernstein, Judith, Heeren, Timothy, Levenson, Suzette, Hingson, Ralph, Bernstein, Edward
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addiction
Addictive behaviors
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Biological and medical sciences
Cocaine
Cocaine - analysis
Cocaine-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Cocaine-Related Disorders - psychology
Disclosure
discordance
Drug abuse
Drug abusers
Drug addiction
Drug use
Female
Hair - chemistry
Hair analysis
Heroin
Heroin Dependence - diagnosis
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Radioimmunoassay
Self Disclosure
self-report
Selfreport
Substance abuse
Substance Abuse Detection - methods
Substance use
USA
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Summary:ABSTRACT Aim  Failure to disclose cocaine use can have a negative impact on medical care and research validity. This study was performed to identify predictors of cocaine non‐disclosure among individuals who self‐reported heroin use during a medical care encounter. Design  A prospective comparison of self‐report of cocaine use among heroin users and hair analysis for cocaine. Setting  Four health‐care clinics at an academic, inner‐city hospital. Participants  Patients presenting for a health‐care visit who were willing to self‐report use of heroin and were not engaged in any form of drug treatment. Measurements  (1) Self‐report using standardized instruments: the Drug Addiction Severity Test (DAST), the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and quantity/frequency questions for heroin and cocaine use. (2) Biochemical evidence: analysis of hair by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for cocaine and opiate levels. Findings  Among 336 heroin users who tested positive for cocaine in hair, 34.2% did not report their recent cocaine use. The mean cocaine level for discordant individuals was significantly lower than for concordant individuals (109.6 ng/10 mg versus 470.57 ng/10 mg; P 
ISSN:0965-2140
1360-0443
DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00685.x