Focal changes in brain energy and phospholipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia: (super 31)P-MRS chemical shift imaging study at 4 Tesla

• Published in: British journal of psychiatry 2004-05, Vol.184, p.409-415
• Main Authors: Densmore, Maria, Drost, Dick J, Jensen, J Eric, Malla, Ashok, Manchanda, Rahul, Menon, Ravi S, Miller, Jodi, Neufeld, Richard W J, Schaefer, Betsy, Williamson, Peter C
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Brain energy; Magnetic resonance imaging; Metabolism; Schizophrenia
• ISSN: 0007-1250
• DOI: 10.1192/bjp.184.5.409

Background. Membrane phospholipid and high-energy abnormalities measured with phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((super 31)P-MRS) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia in several brain regions. Aims. Using improved imaging techniques, previously inaccessible brain regions were examined in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy volunteers with 4.0 T (super 31)P-MRS. Method. Brain spectra were collected in vivo from 15 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 15 healthy volunteers from 15 cm(super 3) effective voxels in the thalamus, cerebellum, hippocampus, anterior/posterior cingulate, prefrontal cortex and parieto-occipital cortex. Results. People with first-episode schizophrenia showed increased levels of glycerophosphocholine in the anterior cingulate. Inorganic phosphate, phospho-creatine and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were also increased in the interior cingulate in this group. Conclusions. The increased phosphodiester and high-energy phosphate levels in the anterior cingulate of brains of people with first-episode schizophrenia may indicate neural overactivity in this region during the early stages of the illness, resulting in increased excitotoxic neural membrane breakdown. Declaration of interest. None. Funding detailed in Acknowledgement. (Original abstract)