Reconstructing the Risk–Need–Responsivity model: A theoretical elaboration and evaluation

Abstract In this paper, we examine the theoretical strengths and weaknesses of the Risk–Need–Responsivity (RNR) model of offender rehabilitation. We briefly discuss the nature of rehabilitation theories and their core components and then review the three source theories associated with the RNR Model...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aggression and violent behavior 2007-03, Vol.12 (2), p.208-228
Main Authors: Ward, Tony, Melser, Joseph, Yates, Pamela M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Biological and medical sciences
Evaluation
Medical sciences
Offenders
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reeducation. Readaptation. Sociotherapy
Rehabilitation
Responsiveness
Risks
Risk–need–responsivity
Social behavior disorders. Criminal behavior. Delinquency
Treatments
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Summary:Abstract In this paper, we examine the theoretical strengths and weaknesses of the Risk–Need–Responsivity (RNR) model of offender rehabilitation. We briefly discuss the nature of rehabilitation theories and their core components and then review the three source theories associated with the RNR Model. Following this we set out to reconstruct the RNR model in light of this analysis, essentially arguing that there are at least three components to any rehabilitation theory: (a) primary aims, values and principles; (b) etiological and methodological assumptions; and (c) practice implications. We then evaluate the theoretical and empirical adequacy of the RNR model. Finally, we conclude the paper with a few comments on the policy, research, and clinical implications of our evaluation (and reconstruction) of this important rehabilitation model.
ISSN:1359-1789
1873-6335
DOI:10.1016/j.avb.2006.07.001