Impulsivity and speed-accuracy strategies in intelligence test performance

A number of authors have expressed concern about our lack of knowledge of speed- accuracy strategies in intelligence tests. This study examines whether relations between intelligence-test performance and information-processing measures depend on individual differences in speed-accuracy preferences r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Intelligence (Norwood) 1995-07, Vol.21 (1), p.13-29
Main Authors: Phillips, Louise H., Rabbit, Patrick M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Age Differences
Cognitive Processes
Extraversion Introversion
Factors
Impulsiveness
Individual Differences
Intelligence Tests
Middle Aged Adults
Older Adults
Older people
Psychology
Social research
Speed
Speed-Accuracy strategies
Test Wiseness
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Summary:A number of authors have expressed concern about our lack of knowledge of speed- accuracy strategies in intelligence tests. This study examines whether relations between intelligence-test performance and information-processing measures depend on individual differences in speed-accuracy preferences rather than on capacity limitations and whether the impact of strategic variables changes with increasing age or extraversion. Eighty-three volunteers from 50 to 79 years old were compared on 4 tests of intelligence and 3 tests of information-processing rate. Impulsivity indices were computed from intelligence-test performance parameters in order to quantify speed-accuracy preferences. Impulsivity measures from different tests correlated positively, showing that stable strategic preferences exist independently of test ability. There was no evidence that impulsivity was related to extraversion or increasing age. Strategic preferences did not underpin relations between intelligence-test total scores and measures of processing rate. More complete predictions of cognitive task performance could be obtained in future work if both total scores and impulsivity indices are taken from intelligence tests.
ISSN:0160-2896
1873-7935
DOI:10.1016/0160-2896(95)90036-5