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Cultural Dimensions, Gender, and the Nature of Self-concept: A Fourteen-country Study
Ratings of the importance of and satisfaction with 20 areas of the self were obtained from 3604 first or second year social science undergraduates from 14 countries (15 cultures). Factor analysis at the culture by gender level supported four factors for both sets of ratings. The resulting factor sco...
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Published in: | International journal of psychology 1998-02, Vol.33 (1), p.17-31 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Ratings of the importance of and satisfaction with 20 areas of the self were obtained from 3604 first or second year social science undergraduates from 14 countries (15 cultures). Factor analysis at the culture by gender level supported four factors for both sets of ratings. The resulting factor scores were analyzed for mean differences according to the cultural dimension of Individualism‐Collectivism by Gender and by correlations with other cultural dimenions and economic indicators. It was found that participants from the 10 collectivist cultures placed greater salience for their self‐concepts on “family values” than did those from the individualist cultures. However, this cultural difference was not found for “social relationships”. The expected gender differences, with females valuing “family values” and “social relationships” more highly, were found only for the individualist countries. The findings indicate that there may be a strong cultural level interaction effect between gender and Individualism‐Collectivism on the nature of self‐conceptions, and that the “family” and “social” aspects of self‐concept in collectivist countries need to be considered separately.
Cette étude rapporte les scores d'importance et de satisfaction attribués à 20 aspects du soi par 3604 étudiants prégradués de première ou deuxième année en sciences sociales, provenant de 14 pays différents (15 cultures). L'analyse factorielle sur le niveau culutre × sexe indique la présence de quatre facteurs pour les deux ensembles de scores. Ces scores factoriels sont analysés quant aux différences de moyennes selon la dimension culturelle Individualisme‐Collectivisme × Sexe et par les corrélations avec d'autres dimensions culturelles et indicateurs économiques. Les résultats montrent que les participants et participantes des 10 cultures collectivistes mettent davantage l'accent sur les valeurs familiales dans leur concept de soi que ceux et celles des cultures individualistes. Cependant, cette différence culturelle ne se manifeste pas pour la variable “relations sociales”. Les différences attendues en fonction du sexe, à savoir une plus grande valeur accordée aux “valeurs familiales” et aux “relations sociales” par les femmes que les hommes, n'apparaissent que dans les cultures individualistes. Ces résultats indiquent qu'il y aurait un fort effet culturel de l'interaction entre le sexe et l'Individualisme‐Collectivisme sur la nature des conceptions du soi et que les aspects “familiaux” |
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ISSN: | 0020-7594 1464-066X |
DOI: | 10.1080/002075998400583 |