Catalytic antioxidants: a radical approach to new therapeutics

In humans, several pathologies involve the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Metal-containing catalytic antioxidants have emerged as a novel class of potential therapeutic agents that scavenge a wide range of reactive oxygen species. There are three structural classes of manganese-containin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug Discovery Today 2004-07, Vol.9 (13), p.557-566
Main Author: Day, Brian J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidants - classification
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
catalase
Catalysis
General pharmacology
Humans
hydrogen peroxide
macrocyclics
Medical sciences
oxidative stress
peroxynitrite
Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
porphyrins
reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - antagonists & inhibitors
Reactive Oxygen Species - chemistry
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
salens
Superoxide dismutase
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Summary:In humans, several pathologies involve the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Metal-containing catalytic antioxidants have emerged as a novel class of potential therapeutic agents that scavenge a wide range of reactive oxygen species. There are three structural classes of manganese-containing catalytic antioxidants that have efficacy in several oxidative stress models of human disease. The classes are divided based on their in vitro selectivity towards the scavenging of superoxide. The selective catalytic antioxidants include the macrocyclics, whereas the non-selective catalytic antioxidants include the salens and porphyrins. Cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and inflammatory lung disorders are all potentially important targets for catalytic antioxidant therapy. A wide range of human diseases are associated with excessive inflammation and oxidative damage. This review covers a new class of catalytic antioxidants that have great potential as therapeutic agents in the treatment of a broad assortment of lung, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
ISSN:1359-6446
1878-5832
DOI:10.1016/S1359-6446(04)03139-3