Severe Involvement of Cerebral Neopallidum in a Dog with Hepatic Encephalopathy

This report describes a unique distribution of cerebral cortical necrotic lesion, which was diagnosed as hepatic encephalopathy in a 2-year-old Maltese dog. The dog showed splenocaval shunt and small liver with marked hepatocellular fatty degeneration. Histopathologic examination revealed that diffu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary pathology 2004-07, Vol.41 (4), p.442-445
Main Authors: Morita, T., Mizutani, Y., Michimae, Y., Sawada, M., Sato, K., Hikasa, Y., Shimada, A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Transport System X-AG - analysis
Animals
Astrocytes - pathology
Cerebellar Diseases - pathology
Cerebellar Diseases - veterinary
Dog Diseases - pathology
Dogs
Globus Pallidus - enzymology
Globus Pallidus - pathology
Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase - analysis
Hepatic Encephalopathy - pathology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - veterinary
Immunohistochemistry - veterinary
Liver - abnormalities
Necrosis
Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical
Telencephalon - enzymology
Telencephalon - pathology
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Summary:This report describes a unique distribution of cerebral cortical necrotic lesion, which was diagnosed as hepatic encephalopathy in a 2-year-old Maltese dog. The dog showed splenocaval shunt and small liver with marked hepatocellular fatty degeneration. Histopathologic examination revealed that diffuse laminar cortical necrosis composed of neuronal necrosis, marked infiltration of gitter macrophages, and astrogliosis were found bilaterally in the dorsolateral area of the cerebrum. No necrotic lesions were observed in the cerebral paleopallium and archipallium, the central gray matter, cerebellum, and brain stem. Astrocytes with large and pale nuclei (Alzheimer type II astrocytes) were apparent throughout the brain. Immunohistochemically, a decrease of immunostains for glutamine synthetase and glutamate transporter antibodies was seen in Alzheimer type II astrocytes and neuropil. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of extensive involvement of cerebral neopallidum in canine hepatic encephalopathy.
ISSN:0300-9858
1544-2217
DOI:10.1354/vp.41-4-442