Bell states of atoms with ultralong lifetimes and their tomographic state analysis

Arbitrary atomic Bell states with two trapped ions are generated in a deterministic and preprogrammed way. The resulting entanglement is quantitatively analyzed using various measures of entanglement. For this, we reconstruct the density matrix using single qubit rotations and subsequent measurement...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review letters 2004-06, Vol.92 (22), p.220402.1-220402.4, Article 220402
Main Authors: ROOS, C. F, LANCASTER, G. P. T, RIEBE, M, HÄFFNER, H, HÄNSEL, W, GULDE, S, BECHER, C, ESCHNER, J, SCHMIDT-KALER, F, BLATT, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic and molecular physics
Atomic properties and interactions with photons
Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields
Exact sciences and technology
Optical cooling of atoms
trapping
Photon interactions with atoms
Physics
Quantum mechanics
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Summary:Arbitrary atomic Bell states with two trapped ions are generated in a deterministic and preprogrammed way. The resulting entanglement is quantitatively analyzed using various measures of entanglement. For this, we reconstruct the density matrix using single qubit rotations and subsequent measurements with near-unity detection efficiency. This procedure represents the basic building block for future process tomography of quantum computations. As a first application, the temporal decay of entanglement is investigated in detail. We observe ultralong lifetimes for the Bell states Psi(+/-), close to the fundamental limit set by the spontaneous emission from the metastable upper qubit level and longer than all reported values by 3 orders of magnitude.
ISSN:0031-9007
1079-7114
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.220402