Different mechanisms of spinal fusion using equine bone protein extract, rhBMP-2 and autograft during the process of anterior lumbar interbody fusion

Abstract To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of spinal fusion with different graft materials during an anterior lumbar interbody fusion, we examined the gene-expression profiles after implantation of equine bone protein extract, rhBMP-2 and autograft using microarray technology and data analysis,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2009-02, Vol.30 (6), p.991-1004
Main Authors: Zou, Xuenong, Zou, Lijin, Foldager, Casper, Bendtsen, Michael, Feng, Wenzhou, Bünger, Cody E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced Basic Science
Animals
Biocompatible Materials
BMP (bone morphogenetic protein)
Bone graft
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - pharmacology
Bone Substitutes - pharmacology
Cluster Analysis
Dentistry
Equine bone protein extract
Female
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
GeneChip
Horses
Humans
Lumbar Vertebrae - drug effects
Lumbar Vertebrae - physiology
Metabolic Networks and Pathways - drug effects
Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology
Spinal Fusion - methods
Sus scrofa
Time Factors
Transplantation, Autologous
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Summary:Abstract To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of spinal fusion with different graft materials during an anterior lumbar interbody fusion, we examined the gene-expression profiles after implantation of equine bone protein extract, rhBMP-2 and autograft using microarray technology and data analysis, including hierarchical clustering, self-organizing maps (SOM), KEGG pathway and Biological process GO analyses in a porcine model. The results suggest that equine bone protein extract exhibited a more similar expression pattern with autograft than that of rhBMP-2. rhBMP-2 recruits progenitor cells, proliferation and differentiation possibly by inducing various factors including PGHS-2, IFGBP-2, VEGF and chemokines and then leads to preferable membranous ossification and bone remodeling. Conversely, equine bone protein extract results in endochondral ossification via upregulation of cartilage-related genes. Ossification by inducing direct osteoblastic differentiation and obviating the cartilaginous intermediate phases may increase spinal fusion rate.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.061