Evidence of recombination in a new isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia 1

• Published in: Virus research 2009, Vol.139 (1), p.117-121
• Main Authors: Lee, Kwang-Nyeong, Oem, Jae-Ku, Park, Jong-Hyeon, Kim, Su-Mi, Lee, Seo-Yong, Tserendorj, Sh, Sodnomdarjaa, R., Joo, Yi-Seok, Kim, Heebal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Asia; Asia 1; Base Sequence; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - virology; China; Foot-and-mouth disease; Foot-and-Mouth Disease - virology; Foot-and-mouth disease virus; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - classification; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - genetics; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - immunology; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - isolation & purification; Genetic Variation; Genome, Viral; Molecular Sequence Data; Mongolia; Phylogeny; Recombination; Recombination, Genetic; RNA, Viral - chemistry; RNA, Viral - genetics; Sequence Alignment; Serotyping
• ISSN: 0168-1702; 1872-7492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.09.009

Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of VP1 revealed that a new isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia 1 identified in Mongolia in 2005 was related to Chinese and Russian strains isolated during the same year. In this study, these strains were defined as East Asian strains having a common geographical origin, and the complete genomic sequence of the Mongolian strain (As1/MOG/05) was determined and compared to other strains of serotype Asia 1. As1/MOG/05 showed 100% identity with an East Asian strain from China (As1/Qinghai/CHA/05) in terms of its VP1 nucleotide sequence. However, the Mongolian strain has a four-amino acid extension in 3D that is missing from all other strains of serotype Asia 1, and which is not due to an insertion. A full genomic scan revealed that the Mongolian strain is closer to the East Asian strain As1/JS/CHA/05 than to all other strains of serotype Asia 1 in nearly all genomic regions. Within the narrow region of low similarity between the two sequences, As1/JS/CHA/05 was found to have a mosaic structure with a partial 2C fragment supposedly transferred from Hong Kong strain As1/HNK/CHA/05. The genomic mosaicism and extension detected in non-structural protein-coding regions in this study may be used to trace the origins and evolution of problematic strains of serotype Asia 1 that have arisen in East Asia since 2005.