Surgical management and histologic and immunohistochemical features of a cataract and retrolental plaque secondary to persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV) in a Bloodhound puppy

• Published in: Veterinary ophthalmology 2004-09, Vol.7 (5), p.369-375
• Main Authors: Gemensky-Metzler, A.J, Wilkie, D.A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Animals, Newborn; canine; case studies; cataract; Cataract - etiology; Cataract - veterinary; Cataract Extraction - veterinary; cataract removal; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases - congenital; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Dog Diseases - pathology; Dog Diseases - surgery; Dogs; Eye Abnormalities - complications; Eye Abnormalities - diagnosis; Eye Abnormalities - surgery; Eye Abnormalities - veterinary; eye diseases; eye lens; histology; histopathology; hounds; hyperplasia; Hyperplasia - complications; Hyperplasia - diagnosis; Hyperplasia - surgery; Hyperplasia - veterinary; immunohistochemistry; Immunohistochemistry - veterinary; lens implantation; Lens, Crystalline - abnormalities; Male; Pedigree; persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/ persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV); phacoemulsification; posterior capsulectomy; puppies; surgery; Ultrasonography; Vitreous Body - abnormalities
• ISSN: 1463-5216; 1463-5224
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04032.x

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical features, the surgical treatment, and outcome of a cataract secondary to persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV) in a dog. A 4‐month‐old male Bloodhound dog presented for evaluation of a cataract. A complete ophthalmic examination and ocular ultrasonography were performed. A resorbing cataract with intralenticular hemorrhage, lens induced uveitis, and PHTVL/PHPV were diagnosed. Extracapsular cataract extraction using phacoemulsification was performed. A primary posterior capsulectomy was performed to remove a retrolental plaque with the posterior capsule; the excised plaque was submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. A 41‐Diopter intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted. Functional vision was maintained postoperatively during the 21‐month follow‐up period. Histologically, the posterior capsule was coiled and exhibited duplication. The retrolental plaque was comprised of dense fibrous connective tissue, blood vessels, free red blood cells, hemosiderin‐laden macrophages, a pocket of neural tissue and numerous perivascular mast cells. With immunohistochemical staining, the neural elements were determined to be glial cells compatible with astrocytes. Cataract secondary to PHTVL/PHPV can be successfully treated using phacoemulsification and planned posterior capsulectomy. Posterior lens capsule duplication, mast cells and astrocytic glial cells may be normal components of the fibrovascular retrolental plaque associated with PHTVL/PHPV.